Body consciousness of people with intestinal stomach: A phenomenological study

Abstract

Objective: to describe the bodily awareness of people with stomies. Method: a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, carried out in the Ostomized Association of the State of Ceará, through semi-structured interviews with ten people with intestinal stomies, according to Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological thinking. Results: two categories of analysis emerged: The body that I have, in which the sensations of defi ciency, imperfection and bad odor add to the feeling of strangeness towards one's own body, affecting the way of being in the world of each deponent; and The body that others perceive, in which the stoma is seen as an embarrassing and complex experience, since it hampers daily activities and conviviality with other people. Final considerations: The corporeal consciousness of Being-Stomp-in-the-world requires the movement to reconstruct the senses of the body from the body I have and from that which others perceive. Descriptors: Consciousness; Body Image; Stomach; Surgical Stomas; Nursing. RESUMO Objetivo: descrever a consciência corpórea de pessoas com estomia. Método: estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado na Associação dos Ostomizados do Estado do Ceará, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com dez pessoas com estomia intestinal, segundo o pensamento fenomenológico de Merleau-Ponty. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias da análise: O corpo que eu tenho, no qual as sensações de defi ciência, imperfeição e odor ruim somam-se ao sentimento de estranheza para com o próprio corpo, afetando o modo de ser no mundo de cada depoente; e O corpo que os outros percebem, em que o estoma é visto como uma experiência constrangedora e complexa, uma vez que difi culta as atividades cotidianas e o convívio com outras pessoas. Considerações fi nais: a consciência corpórea de Ser-estomizado-no-mundo exige o movimento de reconstruir os sentidos do corpo a partir do corpo que eu tenho e daquele que os outros percebem. Descritores: Consciência; Imagem Corporal; Estomia; Estomas Cirúrgicos; Enfermagem. RESUMEN Objetivo: describir la consciencia corpórea de personas con estoma. Método: estudio descriptivo con abordaje cualitativa, realizado en la Asociación de Estoma del Estado de Ceará, por medio de entrevistas semi estructuradas con diez personas con estoma intestinal, según el pensamiento fenomenológico de Merleau-Ponty. Resultados: emergieron dos categorías del análisis: El cuerpo que tengo, en el cual las sensaciones de defi ciencia, imperfección y olor malo se suman al sentimiento de extrañeza para con el propio cuerpo, afectando el modo de ser en el mundo de cada deponente; y El cuerpo que los demás notan, en 392Body consciousness of people with intestinal stomach: A phenomenological study Marques ADB, et al.

Self-care of people with intestinal ostomy: beyond the procedural towards rehabilitation

“…The sociodemographic and clinical data of the participants in this study corroborate other studies (1,(4)(5)(6) : majority were elderly, married, with low educational background, retired, low family support and income, which can influence access to information, influence their ability to learn self-care, as well as to adopt adaptations regarding their disability. This will also have an impact on their overall understanding of specific rights as a person with a disability or a person with oncological disease, and not only regarding general Brazilian legislation (12) .…”

“…The suffering position was seen by these people as a normality of their life; however, such normality included all the changes that occurred with ostomy (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) . The lack of real understanding of this referred normality can compromise professionals' assessment of the adaptation and rehabilitation achieved by these individuals.…”

“…This planning and implementation of assistance to the person with an intestinal ostomy will enable physiological and psychosocial recovery, with an increase to the pervasiveness of rehabilitation (2,3) . However, self-care was a challenge for people who did not receive specialized assistance (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) .…”

“…After the surgical procedure, a change occurs to the healthy body of the person with an intestinal ostomy, and they may develop feelings such as shame, insecurity, vulnerability, and non-acceptance of their new condition, despite understanding the need for making this stoma for the resolution of their health problem (1)(2)(3) . Still, the use of a waste output equipment makes social interaction difficult due to the concern with elimination of gases, odor, leakage of feces, and physical discomfort, adopting an attitude of distancing themselves from daily activities, socially and work isolation, resulting in retirement due to disability and changes in daily routine, which makes rehabilitation difficult (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6) .…”

Cultural Adaptation of the Adaptation Scale to Elimination Ostomy for Use in Brazil

“…Besides taking care of the ostomy, it alters the normal functionality of intestinal and urinary eliminations and, due to its exposure, it interferes with the sensation of privacy of the person with ostomy. [4][5] To adapt to the new life, it is necessary to undergo a process of readjustment to the psychosocial, sexual, self-concept and self-care conditions, with the support and multiprofessional assistance, especially of the stomaterapist nurse, in a more competent and welcoming way. 5 The ostomy surgery changes the life of the individual and, consequently, of his family, repercussions on his quality of life.…”