Body composition obtained by bioelectrical impedance with a nutritional questionnaire in children with chronic kidney disease, obesity, or hypertension

Švigelj, Marjetka; Jančič, Sonja Golob; Močnik, Mirjam; Varda, Nataša Marčun

doi:10.5414/cnp96s07

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Hypertensive children had a significantly higher percentage of fat mass compared to normotensive children, whereas the percentage of fat-free mass was significantly lower compared to normotensive children. Furthermore, SBP and MAP significantly positively correlated with fat mass, which is consistent with other studies [ 60 , 62 , 63 ]. However, while some reported on the association between diastolic BP and fat tissue content [ 62 ], this was not shown in our study due to a preponderance of isolated systolic hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This observation is in accordance with earlier studies [ 58 , 59 ]. Furthermore, studies demonstrated that body composition is notably associated with various health outcomes [ 60 , 61 ]. In the present study we confirmed the differences between the body composition parameters of hypertensive children and healthy normotensive children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Salt Intake in Normotensive and Hypertensive Children: The Role of Body Weight

et al. 2023

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Objective: The connection between increased dietary salt intake and arterial hypertension has been recognized for a long time, even in children. This study aimed to investigate salt consumption in normotensive and hypertensive children and evaluate their dietary habits. Materials and Methods: A total of fifty participants were included in this cross-sectional study: twenty-five normotensive children and 25 children of both sexes with essential arterial hypertension from 12–17 years old. Subjects’ body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, body composition and arterial blood pressure were measured, and their daily salt intake was calculated from 24-h urine samples. Using the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), the data on the average daily total energy and food intakes were collected and analyzed using a suitable program. Results: Estimated daily salt intake was significantly higher in hypertensive compared to normotensive children, and this is positively associated with blood pressure and body mass index (BMI). Hypertensive children had significantly higher BMIs, which also positively correlated with blood pressure. Consistently, resting metabolic rate (kcal) is higher in hypertensive children compared to normotensive, and this is also associated with blood pressure. Reported energy intake is also enlarged in hypertensive compared to normotensive children and for both groups, levels are significantly higher than the recommended values. Conclusions: Our study results confirm the relationship between daily salt consumption, blood pressure and body weight. Sodium consumption related to blood pressure and body weight among children. Cardiovascular disease prevention should start in early childhood by reducing salt intake and preventing overweight/obesity since these are two of the most important modifiable risk factors for hypertension.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Salt Intake in Normotensive and Hypertensive Children: The Role of Body Weight

et al. 2023

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“…Kos et al study corroborates other studies' results, demonstrating that hypertensive children are most commonly obese or overweight, whereas normotensive ones have normal BMI [32]. Furthermore, hypertensive children, compared to normotensive peers, were characterized by a higher percentage of fat mass and by a significant correlation between fat mass and systolic and mean arterial BP [32,42,43]. A decrease in salt consumption may lead to a decrease in sweet drink consumption, resulting in positive effects on BP and body weight [17].…”

Section: Salty and Sweet: Two Health Enemiessupporting

confidence: 73%

The Future for the Children of Tomorrow: Avoiding Salt in the First 1000 Days

Mazzuca,

Artusa,

Pietrobelli

et al. 2024

Children

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It is widely known that optimal nutrition in the first 1000 days of life positively impacts the child’s development throughout adulthood. In this setting, salt should not be added to complementary feeding. In developed countries, salt intake is generally higher than recommended for children. Excessive salt intake is the major determinant of hypertension and is associated with several cardiovascular outcomes. Therefore, pediatricians have a key role in raising awareness among parents to avoid salt consumption in the first 1000 days of life to ensure better health for their children. Starting from a review of the literature published in PubMed/MedLine regarding the short- and long-term consequences of salt consumption during the first 1000 days of life, our comprehensive review aims to analyze the beneficial effects of avoiding salt at such a vulnerable stage of life as the first 1000 days. Obesity, hypertension, increased salt sensitivity, high sweet drink consumption, increased mortality, and morbidity persisting in adult age represent the principal consequences of a higher salt intake during the first 1000 days of life.

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“…In the present study, we found that there was significant difference between CKD children and controls in BIA, CKD children were significantly lower in FM, FFM, MM, TBW, BM and BMR than controls, but there was no significant difference between them as regard SMM. While Švigelj et al [12] study found that TBW was significantly higher in children with CKD than the control group, other parameters were in lower ranges compared to the control group. Body composition parameters in CKD children was lower than healthy individuals, this was mainly due to decreased appetite, decreased caloric and protein intake and muscle wasting, also decreased bone mass is mainly due to disturbance in calcium and phosphorus metabolism and decrease vitamin D level that lead to MBD [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Nutritional Assessment in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease

Elzayat

Elbarky²,

El-Nabi³

et al. 2023

AJPR

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Background: Malnutrition and growth failure are major problems among children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). No single metric can describe their nutritional status; therefore, a series of indices and methods are required for evaluation. Aim of the Work: Evaluation of the nutritional status of children with CKD using dietetic history, anthropometric measurements, biochemical parameters and BIA. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on forty CKD children (stages 3-5) from those attending Pediatric Department, Tanta University Hospitals between March 2021 and February 2022 in comparison to forty healthy control children. All were subjected to: dietetic history, anthropometric measurements including (weight, height, body mass index, mid-arm circumference, skin fold thickness), BIA using TANITA Body Composition Analyzer MC-980 MA-N plus III device and laboratory investigations: (CBC, urea, creatinine, ABG, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, parathormone hormone, serum proteins, albumin and 24hrs urinary proteins). Results: CKD children had significantly lower caloric intake and other nutrient consumption including protein, carbohydrate and fat intake (p < 0.05), significantly lower anthropometric measurements including weight, height, body mass index, skinfold thickness and mid-arm circumference than controls (p < 0.05) and significantly lower in BIA measurements including fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), muscle mass (MM), total body water (TBW) and bone mass (BM) than controls. There was significant positive correlation between caloric intake and protein intake with FFM, MM, SMM, BM, TBW and BMR, also there was significant positive correlation between serum albumin and FFM, MM, SMM, BM and TBW in CKD patients. Conclusions: CKD children had low caloric and protein intake, low body composition parameters, so good nutritional assessment and improvement of their nutritional status is very important. BIA could be used with dietary assessment and anthropometric measurements to achieve more accurate nutritional evaluation in CKD children.

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Body composition obtained by bioelectrical impedance with a nutritional questionnaire in children with chronic kidney disease, obesity, or hypertension

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Estimation of Salt Intake in Normotensive and Hypertensive Children: The Role of Body Weight

Estimation of Salt Intake in Normotensive and Hypertensive Children: The Role of Body Weight

The Future for the Children of Tomorrow: Avoiding Salt in the First 1000 Days

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Nutritional Assessment in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease

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