Body composition for health and performance: a survey of body composition assessment practice carried out by the Ad Hoc Research Working Group on Body Composition, Health and Performance under the auspices of the IOC Medical Commission

Meyer, Nanna L.; Sundgot‐Borgen, Jorunn; Lohman, Timothy G.; Ackland, Tim; Stewart, Arthur D.; Maughan, Ronald J.; Smith, Suzanne; Müller, Wolfram

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092561

Cited by 117 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Composition, Health and Performance has emphasised the need for improved body composition measurement techniques that are suitable for use in the field and provide sufficiently accurate and reliable data (Ackland et al, 2012;Meyer et al, 2013), and USI is being recommended to measure subcutaneous fat in sport (Müller et al, 2013). Investigation of relative thickness of muscle and fat may prove to be more informative than fat.…”

Section: Potential Uses Of Usi For Measuring Thigh Composition and Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior thigh composition measured using ultrasound imaging to quantify relative thickness of muscle and non-contractile tissue: a potential biomarker for musculoskeletal health

et al. 2014

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Section: Potential Uses Of Usi For Measuring Thigh Composition and Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior thigh composition measured using ultrasound imaging to quantify relative thickness of muscle and non-contractile tissue: a potential biomarker for musculoskeletal health

et al. 2014

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“…Catering must meet a variety of food preferences, including cultural and religious diversity, dietary restrictions, event-specific sports nutrition needs, and changes in nutrition needs between periods of final training, taper, competition, and celebration (Meyer et al, 2013;Pelly et al, 2011). Generally there is much more free time during the taper and competition period, which can result in unnecessary eating as part of entertainment activities or to fill time.…”

Section: Travel Nutrition Jet Lag and Travel Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition Considerations in Special Environments for Aquatic Sports

Stellingwerff

Pyne²,

Burke³

2014

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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Elite athletes who compete in aquatic sports face the constant challenge of arduous training and competition schedules in difficult and changing environmental conditions. The huge range of water temperatures to which swimmers and other aquatic athletes are often exposed (16-31 °C for open-water swimming), coupled with altered aquatic thermoregulatory responses as compared with terrestrial athletes, can challenge the health, safety, and performance of these athletes. Other environmental concerns include air and water pollution, altitude, and jetlag and travel fatigue. However, these challenging environments provide the potential for several nutritional interventions that can mitigate the negative effects and enhance adaptation and performance. These interventions include providing adequate hydration and carbohydrate and iron intake while at altitude; optimizing body composition and fluid and carbohydrate intake when training or competing in varying water temperatures; and maximizing fluid and food hygiene when traveling. There is also emerging information on nutritional interventions to manage jetlag and travel fatigue, such as the timing of food intake and the strategic use of caffeine or melatonin. Aquatic athletes often undertake their major global competitions where accommodations feature cafeteria-style buffet eating. These environments can often lead to inappropriate choices in the type and quantity of food intake, which is of particular concern to divers and synchronized swimmers who compete in physique-specific sports, as well as swimmers who have a vastly reduced energy expenditure during their taper. Taken together, planned nutrition and hydration interventions can have a favorable impact on aquatic athletes facing varying environmental challenges.

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“…Sports such as gymnastics, diving, and synchronized swimming can be labeled "leanness-demanding" because they are aesthetically judged sports with emphasis on a lean appearance (Ackland et al, 2012;Meyer et al, 2013). Athletes who participate in endurance sports, such as distance running, cycling, and swimming, and sports that implement weight categories for competition, such as lightweight rowing and wrestling, also struggle with issues surrounding weight and body composition.…”

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Disordered Eating and Eating Disorders in Aquatic Sports

Melin

Torstveit²,

Burke³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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Disordered eating behavior (DE) and eating disorders (EDs) are of great concern because of their associations with physical and mental health risks and, in the case of athletes, impaired performance. The syndrome originally known as the Female Athlete Triad, which focused on the interaction of energy availability, reproductive function, and bone health in female athletes, has recently been expanded to recognize that Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) has a broader range of negative effects on body systems with functional impairments in both male and female athletes. Athletes in leanness-demanding sports have an increased risk for RED-S and for developing EDs/DE. Special risk factors in aquatic sports related to weight and body composition management include the wearing of skimpy and tight-fitting bathing suits, and in the case of diving and synchronized swimming, the involvement of subjective judgments of performance. The reported prevalence of DE and EDs in athletic populations, including athletes from aquatic sports, ranges from 18 to 45% in female athletes and from 0 to 28% in male athletes. To prevent EDs, aquatic athletes should practice healthy eating behavior at all periods of development pathway, and coaches and members of the athletes' health care team should be able to recognize early symptoms indicating risk for energy deficiency, DE, and EDs. Coaches and leaders must accept that DE/EDs can be a problem in aquatic disciplines and that openness regarding this challenge is important.

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Body composition for health and performance: a survey of body composition assessment practice carried out by the Ad Hoc Research Working Group on Body Composition, Health and Performance under the auspices of the IOC Medical Commission

Abstract: Results show high use of BC assessment but also a lack of standardisation and widespread perception of problems related to BM and BC in sport. Future work should emphasise standardisation with appropriate training opportunities and more research on BC and performance.

Cited by 117 publications

References 19 publications

Anterior thigh composition measured using ultrasound imaging to quantify relative thickness of muscle and non-contractile tissue: a potential biomarker for musculoskeletal health

Anterior thigh composition measured using ultrasound imaging to quantify relative thickness of muscle and non-contractile tissue: a potential biomarker for musculoskeletal health

Nutrition Considerations in Special Environments for Aquatic Sports

Disordered Eating and Eating Disorders in Aquatic Sports

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