Body Composition, Dietary Intake, and Energy Expenditure After Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Laparoscopic Vertical Banded Gastroplasty

Olbers, Torsten; Björkman, Sofia; Lindroos, Anna‐Karin; Maleckas, Almantas; Lönn, Lars; Sjöström, Lars; Lönroth, Hans

doi:10.1097/01.sla.0000218085.25902.f8

Cited by 306 publications

(291 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, it is known that not all drugs that reduce the motivation to eat do so through actions on satiety; therefore, other CNS systems associated with the pleasure or rewarding aspects of food intake, such as the opioid or dopaminergic systems, must also be considered [35] . Interestingly, altered preference for food has also been reported from patients who undergo gastric bypass surgery and exhibit altered attitudes towards and preferences for healthier food [36] . Given that gastric bypass surgery has been shown to enhance meal-induced GLP-1 secretion [37] , it is tempting to speculate that the shift in food preference is related to the GLP-1 system.…”

Section: Wwwchinapharcom Hansen G Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of liraglutide and sibutramine on food intake, palatability, body weight and glucose tolerance in the gubra DIO-rats

2012

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Aim: To validate the gubra DIO-rats as a useful animal model of human obesity. Methods: The gubra diet-induced obesity (DIO) rat model was based on male Sprague-Dawley rats with ad libitum access to regular chow and a palatable diet rich in fat and sugar. To evaluate the versatility of the gubra DIO-rats as a valid model of human obesity syndrome, the efficacy of 2 weight loss compounds liraglutide and sibutramine with different mechanisms of action were examined in 7-month-old gubra DIO-rats. Liraglutide (200 µg/kg, sc) was administered bi-daily, and sibutramine (5 mg/kg, po) was administered once daily for 23 d. Results: Both the compounds effectively reduced the food intake, body weight and total fat mass as measured by nuclear magnetic resonance. Whereas the 5-HT reuptake inhibitor/5-HT receptor agonist sibutramine reduced the intake of both chow and the gubradiet, the GLP-1 analogue liraglutide predominantly reduced the intake of the highly palatable diet, indicating a shift in food preference. Sibutramine lowered the insulin sensitivity index, primarily via reductions in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Conclusion: This animal model responds well to 2 weight loss compounds with different mechanisms of action. Moreover, the gubra DIO-rat can be particularly useful for the testing of compounds with potential effects on diet preference.

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Section: Wwwchinapharcom Hansen G Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of liraglutide and sibutramine on food intake, palatability, body weight and glucose tolerance in the gubra DIO-rats

2012

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“…11,58,59 Although, traditionally, surgery was considered to achieve weight loss through the malabsorption of food and restriction of stomach size, there is some discrepancy supporting the effects of stomach-pouch size or calorific malabsorption other than for a minority of procedures (such as the biliopancreatic diversion). 11,60 Surgery does, however, achieve a sustained decrease in caloric intake, 61,62 which has a long-standing association with decreased carcinogenesis in several experimental models that span over a century of research. 63,64 One study has revealed that the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass operation can decrease daily calorie intake by 1479 Kcal/day so that patients only consume 1341 Kcal/day.…”

Section: Decreased Obesity Through Weight Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic surgery and cancer

Ashrafian

Ahmed

Rowland

et al. 2010

Cancer

133

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The worldwide epidemic of obesity and the global incidence of cancer are both increasing. There is now epidemiological evidence to support a correlation between obesity, weight gain, and some cancers. Metabolic or bariatric surgery can provide sustained weight loss and reduced obesity-related mortality. These procedures can also improve the metabolic profile to decrease cardiovascular risk and resolve diabetes in morbidly obese patients. The operations offer several physiological steps, the so-called BRAVE effects: 1) bile flow alteration, 2) reduction of gastric size, 3) anatomical gut rearrangement and altered flow of nutrients, 4) vagal manipulation and 5) enteric gut hormone modulation. Metabolic operations are also associated with a significant reduction of cancer incidence and mortality. The cancer-protective role of metabolic surgery is strongest for female obesity-related tumors; however, the underlying mechanisms may involve both weight-dependent and weight-independent effects. These include the improvement of insulin resistance with attenuation of the metabolic syndrome as well as decreased oxidative stress and inflammation in addition to the beneficial modulation of sex steroids, gut hormones, cellular energetics, immune system, and adipokines. Elucidating the precise metabolic mechanisms of cancer prevention by metabolic surgery can increase our understanding of how obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome are associated with cancer. It may also offer novel treatment strategies in the management of tumor generation and growth. Cancer 2011;117:1788-99. V C 2010 American Cancer Society.KEYWORDS: metabolic surgery, bariatric surgery, cancer, oncology.The worldwide epidemic of obesity and the global incidence of cancer are both increasing. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity is rising by 30 million cases per year, 1 whereas the overall number of new cancer cases will increase by 300,000 cases per year.2 Both obesity and cancer contribute to increased worldwide mortality and healthcare costs. They are now both recognized as global healthcare concerns and have been the subject of worldwide calls to action. 3,4Several treatment strategies have been developed to decrease obesity; these include prevention, lifestyle, behavioral modification, and pharmacotherapy. The weight-loss effects of these strategies have only been marginally successful, 5 and, therefore, a surgical solution has been developed to provide consistent weight loss in severely obese patients. The operations initially titled ''bariatric procedures'' have demonstrated long-term weight loss at more than 15 years after surgery 6,7 ; however in addition, they achieve pronounced metabolic effects including diabetes resolution in the majority of morbidly obese patients. [8][9][10] As a result, these procedures are now considered as ''metabolic'' operations. 10-14The epidemiological association between obesity rates and cancer rates has come under increased scrutiny as there is now evidence to establish obesity as a significant...

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“…There is evidence that industry funded trials may overestimate treatment effect 68 . Quote : Grant Support: By the Department of Surgery, Monash University.…”

Section: Section 1: Internal Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is evidence that industry funded trials may overestimate treatment effect 68 Quote: This study was funded by Monash University, which has received an unrestricted grant from Allergan Health. The laparoscopic adjustable gastric bands (Allergan Health) and the laparoscopic ports (Applied Medical) were provided without charge by the manufacturers.…”

Section: Section 1: Internal Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bariatric Surgery for Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Alobaid¹,

Alsadoon²,

Eltawil³

et al. 2015

AOWMC

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Obesity is the fifth leading cause of global deaths. The efficacy and safety of obesity treatment is still controversial. The objective of the thesis is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bariatric surgery, through a systematic review of the current evidence and metaanalysis of important outcomes. Nineteen (19) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 1346 participants were included. Bariatric surgery resulted in greater weight loss when compared to non-surgical treatment. Weight loss was also associated with resolution and/or improvement of obesity related comorbidites such as diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and sleep apnea. Weight loss and safety varied across the surgical procedures. Biliopancreatic diversion/duodenal switch had the greatest weight loss, followed by sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, purely restrictive procedures such as vertical banded gastroplasty and adjustable gastric banding resulted in the least weight loss. Long term, high quality, and adequately powered trials are still needed to support the available evidence.P a g e | II

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Body Composition, Dietary Intake, and Energy Expenditure After Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Laparoscopic Vertical Banded Gastroplasty

Abstract: LGBP patients demonstrated better outcomes compared with LVBG patients in terms of body composition. Energy expenditure developed as expected postoperatively. A "steering" away from fatty foods after LGBP may be an important mechanism of action in gastric bypass.

Cited by 306 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of liraglutide and sibutramine on food intake, palatability, body weight and glucose tolerance in the gubra DIO-rats

Effects of liraglutide and sibutramine on food intake, palatability, body weight and glucose tolerance in the gubra DIO-rats

Metabolic surgery and cancer

Bariatric Surgery for Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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