Bodenreaktion (einschließlich Kalkfrage)

Ellenberg, Heinz

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-94729-2_23

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 305 publications

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“…Such a seeming discrepancy between the ecological preference and the physiological indifference occurs in many plant species (ELLENBERG 1958).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth-Physiology, Salt-Tolerance and Mineral Nutrition of Centaurium Littorale (Turner) Gilmour: Adaptations to Its Olygothrophic and Brackish Habitat

Freijsen¹

1971

Acta Botanica Neerlandica

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Centaurium littorale was cultured under various conditions of nutrient availability, salinity and pH. The mineral composition of the experimental plants and of plants from a field site was investigated. The highest relative growth rate observed was 0.02 mg.mg.-1 day-1 and the shoot: root ratio was 0.8. Optimal growth occurred at very low nutrient availability. Suction tensions below 7 atm had no strong effect on the growth rate. There was a marked accumulation of NaCI in the tissues without a negative effect on the uptake of nutrient ions. In the pHrange 7.7-4.8 growth was equal. In its growth physiology and mineral nutrition Centaurium littorale is well adapted to the habitat: the brackish and poor young dune soil.

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“…Such a seeming discrepancy between the ecological preference and the physiological indifference occurs in many plant species (ELLENBERG 1958).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth-Physiology, Salt-Tolerance and Mineral Nutrition of Centaurium Littorale (Turner) Gilmour: Adaptations to Its Olygothrophic and Brackish Habitat

Freijsen¹

1971

Acta Botanica Neerlandica

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“…Riek and Wolff 1999;de Vries et al 2001) embrace often many eco-physiological processes (e.g. Ellenberg 1958).…”

Section: Sample Selections and Stratificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outline and examples for integrated evaluations of data from the intensive (Level II) monitoring of forest ecosystems in Germany

Seidling

2005

Eur J Forest Res

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Data are collected at plots of the intensive forest monitoring programme (Level II monitoring) in Germany by the federal states and stored in a nationwide database with the main task of contributing to a better understanding of the impacts of air pollutants and other environmental factors on forest ecosystems. Within this feasibility study these data were screened with the intention of outlining a conclusive concept for integrated evaluations. As a permanent challenge of complexly organised monitoring, the necessity of data control measures is underlined and a transparent documentation of univariate properties of key factors and basic relationships is advocated. Besides different statistical analyses, selected, aggregated, and derivative parameters have to undergo substantial check-ups of their information value with respect to risks associated with chemical or physical stress for trees and other biotic compartments of forest ecosystems. Examples of evaluations of different profundity are taken from the domains: crown condition, foliar element concentrations, increment of trees, ground floor vegetation, and chemical condition of the soil solution. Grounded on subjectspecific sectoral considerations, concise sets of relevant (key) factors or composite factors should in future approaches-together with results from amending process-oriented modelling-be passed on to construct integrated models against the background of current hypotheses about stress in forest ecosystems, even on the national scale, and on reasonable sub-scales.

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“…However, when grown in monoculture, the majority of plant species have similar optima in regards to gradients of environmental factors or resources. Overlap between different species’ so‐called physiological optima (Ellenberg 1953) is found for various factors including water, temperature and pH (Ellenberg 1958). Interspecific competition often causes distributions to contract or to be displaced along a gradient from a physiological optimum (or fundamental niche) to an ecological optimum (or realized niche) (Ellenberg 1953).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining hydrological niches: the decisive role of below‐ground competition in two closely related Senecio species

2009

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Summary1. Evidence from plant-community structure suggests that niche segregation between plant species is widespread, but the mechanisms are still generally obscure. We used experimental mesocosms to investigate the role of above-and below-ground competition in defining the distinct niche distributions of two Senecio species that separate along a water-table gradient in meadow habitats. In a target-border design, Senecio target plants were surrounded by six fence-sitting plants of Phleum pratense and fully factorial, randomised treatments for above-ground and below-ground competition, water level and nitrogen were applied. 2. Below-ground competition was found to be the most influential factor for plant biomass and seed production, whereas above-ground competition had negligible effects. Judging from their performances under different combinations of water level and nitrogen fertilization, the Senecio species showed different types of niche differentiation. Senecio aquaticus showed a preference for waterlogged over dry soils irrespective of the presence or absence of competition. Senecio jacobaea showed no preference for any hydrological condition, as long as below-ground interaction was prevented. In the presence of competing roots, it showed the expected preference for dry soils, especially under N-fertilized conditions. 3. Below-ground competition was especially intense under conditions of high supply of edaphic resources and even had the potential to entirely abolish any positive effects of increased water-or nitrogen-supply. This supports the highly debated view that the importance of below-ground competition increases rather than decreases with below-ground resource supply. A functional mechanism for the dry-habitat niche of S. jacobaea is suggested by the severe effect of competition on this species in waterlogged soil, especially when nitrogen was added. Since such conditions favoured growth of competing neighbours, the intensified depletion of other soil resources may have been the cause of the poor performance by S. jacobaea. 4. Synthesis. Niche differentiation can either be a genetically fixed preference or a result of current competition. Below-ground competition was found to be a much stronger driver of niche differentiation than generally assumed. Even in highly productive systems it can be the principal type of interaction, which is contrary to common assumptions and which might be the case when some but not all edaphic resources are in ample supply.

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Bodenreaktion (einschließlich Kalkfrage)

Cited by 20 publications

References 305 publications

Growth-Physiology, Salt-Tolerance and Mineral Nutrition of Centaurium Littorale (Turner) Gilmour: Adaptations to Its Olygothrophic and Brackish Habitat

Growth-Physiology, Salt-Tolerance and Mineral Nutrition of Centaurium Littorale (Turner) Gilmour: Adaptations to Its Olygothrophic and Brackish Habitat

Outline and examples for integrated evaluations of data from the intensive (Level II) monitoring of forest ecosystems in Germany

Explaining hydrological niches: the decisive role of below‐ground competition in two closely related Senecio species

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