Bluetongue virus assembly and exit pathways

Roy, Polly

doi:10.1016/bs.aivir.2020.08.002

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Bluetongue (BT) is an infectious disease transmitted by Culicoides midges caused by Bluetongue virus (BTV), which is the prototype member of the Orbivirus genus within the Sedoreoviridae family ( 1 ). BTV genome consists of 10 double-stranded RNA segments encoding 7 structural proteins (VP1-VP7) and at least 4 non-structural proteins (NS1-NS4) ( 2 , 3 ). This segmented genome favors the appearance of new serotypes due to the possibility of segment reassortment during co-infection with different serotypes ( 4 , 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive immune profiling reveals that Orbivirus infection activates immune checkpoints during acute T cell immunosuppression

Louloudes-Lázaro,

Rojas,

García-García

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an arbovirus transmitted by the bite of infected Culicoides midges that affects domestic and wild ruminants producing great economic losses. The infection induces an IFN response, followed by an adaptive immune response that is essential in disease clearance. BTV can nonetheless impair IFN and humoral responses. The main goal of this study was to gain a more detailed understanding of BTV pathogenesis and its effects on immune cell populations. To this end, we combined flow cytometry and transcriptomic analyses of several immune cells at different times post-infection (pi). Four sheep were infected with BTV serotype 8 and blood samples collected at days 0, 3, 7 and 15pi to perform transcriptomic analysis of B-cell marker+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD14+ sorted peripheral mononuclear cells. The maximum number of differentially expressed genes occurred at day 7pi, which coincided with the peak of infection. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that genes belonging to virus sensing and immune response initiation pathways were enriched at day 3 and 7 pi in all 4 cell population analyzed. Transcriptomic analysis also showed that at day 7pi T cell exhaustion pathway was enriched in CD4+ cells, while CD8+ cells downregulated immune response initiation pathways. T cell functional studies demonstrated that BTV produced an acute inhibition of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation at the peak of replication. This coincided with PD-L1 upregulation on the surface of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as monocytes. Taken together, these data indicate that BTV could exploit the PD1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint to impair T cell responses. These findings identify several mechanisms in the interaction between host and BTV, which could help develop better tools to combat the disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive immune profiling reveals that Orbivirus infection activates immune checkpoints during acute T cell immunosuppression

Louloudes-Lázaro,

Rojas,

García-García

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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“…This result implied that VLPs could further improve the performance of the corresponding detection methods. Bluetongue virus (BTV), an insect-vectored virus causing bluetongue disease in wild ruminants and livestock, is a member of the Orbivirus genus within the family Reoviridae 27 . It is a non-enveloped, icosahedral, segmented, doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) virus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A blocking ELISA based on virus-like nanoparticles chimerized with an antigenic epitope of ASFV P54 for detecting ASFV antibodies

Huang,

Cao,

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly lethal pathogen of domestic and wild pigs. Due to no vaccines or drugs available, early accurate diagnosis and eradication of infected animals are the most important measures for ASFV prevention and control. Bluetongue virus (BTV) core-like particles (CLPs) are non-infectious hollow nanoparticles assembled from the BTV VP3 and VP7 proteins, which could be used as a platform for presenting foreign epitopes. In this study, the secondary structure of BTV VP7 protein was analyzed and predicted using the IEDB Analysis resource. Based on the prediction results of the VP7 protein, the chimeric CLPs with an ASFV P54 epitope were successfully prepared through the BAC-to-BAC baculovirus expression system and sucrose gradient centrifugation. Based on the chimeric CLPs and mAb 2E4 against AFSV P54 epitope, a blocking ELISA for detecting AFSV antibodies was established, and its reaction conditions were optimized. Through comprehensive evaluation of the method, the results showed the chimeric CLPs-based blocking ELISA displayed the best detection performance, with an AUC of 0.9961, a sensitivity of 97.65%, and a specificity of 95.24% in ROC analysis. Compared with western blot and a commercial c-ELISA for detecting anti-ASFV antibodies, this method had an excellent agreement of 96.35% (kappa value = 0.911) and 97.76% (kappa value = 0.946) with the other tests, respectively. This ELISA also had high repeatability, with CV < 10%, and no cross-reaction with the serum antibodies against other swine viruses or Orbivirus. In brief, this was the first report on developing a blocking ELISA based on virus-like nanoparticles chimerized with an antigenic epitope of ASFV P54 for serological diagnosis of ASFV.

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