Bluetongue disease in small ruminants in south western Ethiopia: cross-sectional sero-epidemiological study

Abera, Temesgen; Bitew, Molalegne; Gebre, Debebe; Mamo, Yosef; Deneke, Yosef; Nandi, Sukdeb

doi:10.1186/s13104-018-3222-z

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…In addition, Kassala state shares long international borders with Eritrea with no strict restriction on animals' movement across the borders which may allow introduction of infected animals into the localities. Similar high seroprevalence of BTV infection in various animal species was reported in several states in Sudan [ 28 , 29 , 31 , 36 , 39 ] and in countries around or near Sudan such as Libya (48.4%) [ 44 ]; Egypt (16.9%) [ 45 ]; Ethiopia (30.6%) [ 42 ]; and Saudi Arabia (47.3%) [ 46 ]. In addition, earlier epizootiological surveys also showed high prevalence rates for BTV seropositivity in Iran (93.5%) and Southern Turkey (88%) [ 47 , 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Higher seroprevalence among goats compared to sheep demonstrates that goats may play a crucial role in BTV epidemiology in Kassala state. However, sheep that are more susceptible animals to BT show clear clinical signs and die of the disease, and goats are more resistant and can survive with infection [ 42 ]. It is also a confirmed fact that goats with their minimum clinical manifestations keep higher titer of BTV and may be the potential source of infection to other susceptible animals [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serological Investigations of Bluetongue Virus (BTV) among Sheep and Goats in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan

Elmahi

Karrar

Elhassan

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine International

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Bluetongue (BT) is an infectious, noncontagious, vector-borne viral disease of wild and domestic ruminants. BTV is a member of the Orbivirus genus of the family Reoviridae. The present study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of BTV in sheep and goats in Kassala State, Sudan. It also aimed to determine risk factors associated with BTV infection. The study was carried out by a structured questionnaire survey, and a total of 809 serum samples were collected from sheep (n = 459) and goats (n = 350) from 9 different localities in Kassala state. These samples were analyzed using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for the detection of BTV antibodies. The overall seroprevalence of BTV was 91.2% (738/809). In goats, the prevalence of BTV antibodies was comparatively higher (100%) than in sheep (84.5%). The prevalence differed between localities and was the highest in the center section of Kassala and Western Kassala (100%). Animals aged 6–11 months were highly infected (93.9%) compared to 1-year-old (85.5%). Caprine species was more likely to be infected (100%) than ovine (84.5%), and females were highly infected (92.8%) than males (85.5%). BTV infections were higher in the winter season (91.4%). Risk factors that showed significant associations with cELISA positivity included locality and sex (p≤0.003) and species and age (p≤0.000). Factors significantly associated with cELISA positivity in multivariate analysis were localities, species, age, and sex. BTV infection is prevalent in sheep and goat populations in Kassala state.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Investigations of Bluetongue Virus (BTV) among Sheep and Goats in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan

Elmahi

Karrar

Elhassan

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine International

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“…Since the 1950s, BTV has spread globally from Africa, through southern Europe, Asia and North America, and is currently endemic worldwide, causing periodic outbreaks with high morbidity, often with significant mortality and is consequently associated with substantial economic losses in the agricultural industry. Among the virus hosts, sheep and white-tailed deer exhibit the most severe clinical disease, characterized by ecchymosis, cardiac lesions, and hemorrhages [1][2][3], while BTV infection in other ruminants predominantly induces subclinical infection [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bluetongue Virus Nonstructural Protein 3 Orchestrates Virus Maturation and Drives Non-Lytic Egress via Two Polybasic Motifs

Labadie

Jegouic

Roy

2019

Viruses

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Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an arthropod-borne virus that infects domestic and wild ruminants. The virion is a non-enveloped double-layered particle with an outer capsid that encloses a core containing the segmented double-stranded RNA genome. Although BTV is canonically released by cell lysis, it also exits non-lytically. In infected cells, the BTV nonstructural glycoprotein 3 (NS3) is found to be associated with host membranes and traffics from the endoplasmic reticulum through the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane. This suggests a role for NS3 in BTV particle maturation and non-lytic egress. However, the mechanism by which NS3 coordinates these events has not yet been elucidated. Here, we identified two polybasic motifs (PMB1/PMB2), consistent with the membrane binding. Using site-directed mutagenesis, confocal and electron microscopy, and flow cytometry, we demonstrated that PBM1 and PBM2 mutant viruses retained NS3 either in the Golgi apparatus or in the endoplasmic reticulum, suggesting a distinct role for each motif. Mutation of PBM2 motif decreased NS3 export to the cell surface and virus production. However, both mutant viruses produced predominantly inner core particles that remained close to their site of assembly. Together, our data demonstrates that correct trafficking of the NS3 protein is required for virus maturation and release.

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“…Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the prototype of the genus Orbivirus in the family Reoviridae Bitew et al, 2017;Abera et al, 2018). Currently, there are 27 recognized serotypes with recent additions of the 25 th serotype ("Toggenburg orbivirus") from Switzerland in goat and 26 th serotype from Kuwait in sheep and goat (Hofmann et al, 2008;Maan et al, 2011Maan et al, , 2012cBatten et al, 2013) and 27th from Corsica, France (Schulz et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bluetongue virus is a non-enveloped virus, approximately 90 nm in diameter, with a triple-layered icosahedral protein capsid. Its genome consists of 10 double-stranded (ds) RNA segments coding for 7 structural proteins (VP1-VP7) and 4 non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2, NS3/NS3a, NS4) of approximately 19.2kb pairs in total (Singh et al, 2005;Sperlova and Zendulkova, 2011;Ratinier et al, 2011;Bitew et al, 2017;Abera et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis of bluetongue virus serotype16 based on genome segment 5 (encoding NS1)

Bitew¹,

Nandi²,

Ravishankar³

et al. 2019

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the 'type' species of the genus Orbivirus within the family Reoviridae. The BTV genome is composed of ten linear segments of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), each of which codes for at least one of ten distinct viral proteins. Phylogenetic analysis based on VP2, VP3, VP5, VP7 and NS3 gene has been advocated by different researchers around the world. However, very little information about the phylogenetic analysis based on the NS1 gene of BTV-16 isolates is available. In this study, a partial sequence of segment 5 (Seg 5) from the BTV-16 Hisar isolate was sequenced. Sequence analysis of the Seg 5 of the BTV-16 Hisar isolate revealed highest nucleotide sequence identity of 98.9% (BTV-21),-96.4% (BTV-9) with sequences of NS1 genes of Indian isolates and 97.8% (BTV-3),-93.4%(BTV-1) isolates from other countries. The lowest sequence identity detected was 91.2% between sequences of NS1 gene of JQ924824 of BTV 16 Indian isolate and JX861502 BTV-1 of France. The study also assessed the comparative identity from the deduced amino acid sequences and found maximum homology (100% identity) with Indian isolates and 95.2 to 98.8% identity with Western isolates with only three amino acid difference. Phylogenetic analysis of the NS1 gene of the BTV-16 Hisar isolate with others around the world has revealed two major clusters which includes the Indian (Eastern) linage and Western linage separately. The BTV-16 Hisar isolate was found to be closely related with the BTV-9 and 21 Indian isolates based on its NS1 gene. Phylogenetic analysis of segment 5 is highly conserved among the different serotypes however, NS1 of BTV-3 of USA clustered with the Eastern lineage indicating introduction of Western BTV strains and a possible reassortment between Eastern and Western field strains in India.

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Bluetongue disease in small ruminants in south western Ethiopia: cross-sectional sero-epidemiological study

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Serological Investigations of Bluetongue Virus (BTV) among Sheep and Goats in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan

Serological Investigations of Bluetongue Virus (BTV) among Sheep and Goats in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan

Bluetongue Virus Nonstructural Protein 3 Orchestrates Virus Maturation and Drives Non-Lytic Egress via Two Polybasic Motifs

Phylogenetic analysis of bluetongue virus serotype16 based on genome segment 5 (encoding NS1)

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