Blueberries and cardiovascular disease prevention

Wood, Eleanor; Hein, Sabine; Heiß, Christian; Williams, Claire; Rodriguez-Mateos, Ana

doi:10.1039/c9fo02291k

Cited by 48 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…These results are broadly in line with previous studies that identified delphinidin and malvidin derivatives as being the predominant anthocyanins found in blueberry fruit. 51,52 Our data also indicated that, in corroboration of the spectrophotometric data, none of the individual anthocyanins was affected by growth over reflective mulch. Taken together, these data suggest that reflective mulch does not affect fruit quality.…”

Section: Growth Over Mulch Does Not Influence Berry Qualitysupporting

confidence: 80%

Reflective mulch increases fruit yield of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Darrow) grown in a northern maritime environment while maintaining key fruit quality traits

et al. 2020

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BACKGROUND: In maritime growing environments, blueberry yield often exhibits excessive season-to-season variation, associated with poorly adapted photosynthetic responses to low light conditions. It is therefore necessary to develop methods that stabilise yield while maintaining or improving fruit quality. Here, we placed reflective mulch alongside plants at the early green fruit stage, to test the hypothesis that increasing the available seasonal light integral could enhance blueberry yield. We further determined several quality characteristics to ensure fruit marketability.RESULTS: Placement of mulch alongside plants reflected up to five times more light compared with bare ground, enhancing the amount of light reaching the canopy. This led to an adaptive increase of light saturated maximal photosynthetic rate of mulchtreated plants, resulting in a twofold increase in yield compared with control plants. Analysis of fruit quality characteristics showed that total soluble solids, sugars and organic acids were similar between treatments. Likewise, antioxidant capacity, total anthocyanin content and the content of individual anthocyanins did not change in response to reflective mulch treatment. CONCLUSIONS:The use of reflective mulch should be explored by industry as a cost-effective method for enhancing blueberry yield while maintaining fruit quality in maritime environments.

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Section: Growth Over Mulch Does Not Influence Berry Qualitysupporting

confidence: 80%

Reflective mulch increases fruit yield of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Darrow) grown in a northern maritime environment while maintaining key fruit quality traits

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, glucose transport in a Caco-2 intestinal model was decreased in the presence of glycosylated flavonoids and aglycone polyphenol compounds, suggesting reduced uptake of dietary glucose in the small intestine [ 54 ]. Consumption of anthocyanin-rich foods including berries have been associated with a reduction in cardiovascular disease risk, potentially due to mechanisms that improve flow-mediated dilation and vascular function [ 55 ]. Anthocyanins and their metabolites appear to regulate different cellular processes involved in vascular function by controlling the activity of cell signaling proteins and transcription factors and modulating gene and miRNA expression, especially in relation to modulation of inflammatory responses and platelet activation [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consumption of anthocyanin-rich foods including berries have been associated with a reduction in cardiovascular disease risk, potentially due to mechanisms that improve flow-mediated dilation and vascular function [ 55 ]. Anthocyanins and their metabolites appear to regulate different cellular processes involved in vascular function by controlling the activity of cell signaling proteins and transcription factors and modulating gene and miRNA expression, especially in relation to modulation of inflammatory responses and platelet activation [ 55 ]. However, the majority of the mechanistic studies do not consider factors that affect transformation, absorption, digestion, metabolism and excretion of anthocyanins in the human body [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Bilberry and Grape Seed Extract Supplement Interventions to Improve Glucose and Cholesterol Metabolism and Blood Pressure in Different Populations—A Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2021

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Intervention with fruit extracts may lower glucose and lipid levels, as well as blood pressure. We reviewed the efficacy of bilberry and grape seed extracts to affect these outcomes across populations with varying health status, age and ethnicity, across intervention doses and durations, in 24 intervention studies with bilberry and blackcurrant (n = 4) and grape seed extract (n = 20). Bilberry and blackcurrant extract lowered average levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), at least in Chinese subjects, especially in those who were older, who were diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and who were participating in longer-term studies. We also found good evidence that across studies and in subjects with hypercholesterolemia, T2DM or metabolic syndrome, intervention with bilberry and blackcurrant extract, and to some extent grape seed extract, significantly lowered total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels after four weeks. Intervention with grape seed extract may reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure in subjects with hypertension or metabolic syndrome. Differential responsiveness in cholesterol and blood pressure outcomes between stratified populations could not be explained by age, dose or study duration. In conclusion, bilberry and blackcurrant extract appears effective in lowering HbA1c and total and LDL cholesterol, whereas grape seed extract may lower total and LDL cholesterol, and blood pressure, in specific population groups.

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“…Anthocyanins have shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties but also positive effects in obesity and its comorbidities [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]. Several studies have demonstrated that the intake of anthocyanins by itself or of anthocyanins-rich foods such as berries is able to prevent CVD [ 61 ], to reduce body fat accumulation, to improve glucose tolerance/insulin sensitivity, to diminish the levels of fasting glucose, to control body weight in humans and rodents [ 57 , 59 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ] and to increase energy expenditure and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in mice and humans [ 59 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 ]. Globally, anthocyanins and anthocyanins-rich foods are able to improve metabolic homeostasis.…”

Section: Anthocyaninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Impact of Flavonoids Consumption in Obesity: From Central to Peripheral

et al. 2020

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The prevention and treatment of obesity is primary based on the follow-up of a healthy lifestyle, which includes a healthy diet with an important presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. For many years, the health benefits of polyphenols have been attributed to their anti-oxidant capacity as free radical scavengers. More recently it has been described that polyphenols activate other cell-signaling pathways that are not related to ROS production but rather involved in metabolic regulation. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge in this field by focusing on the metabolic effects of flavonoids. Flavonoids are widely distributed in the plant kingdom where they are used for growing and defensing. They are structurally characterized by two benzene rings and a heterocyclic pyrone ring and based on the oxidation and saturation status of the heterocyclic ring flavonoids are grouped in seven different subclasses. The present work is focused on describing the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic impact of flavonoids in obesity and obesity-related diseases. We described the effects of each group of flavonoids in liver, white and brown adipose tissue and central nervous system and the metabolic and signaling pathways involved on them.

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Blueberries and cardiovascular disease prevention

Abstract: Concept of how blueberries mediate vascular effects via modulation of cellular function by circulating anthocyanin metabolites.

Cited by 48 publications

References 73 publications

Reflective mulch increases fruit yield of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Darrow) grown in a northern maritime environment while maintaining key fruit quality traits

Reflective mulch increases fruit yield of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Darrow) grown in a northern maritime environment while maintaining key fruit quality traits

Efficacy of Bilberry and Grape Seed Extract Supplement Interventions to Improve Glucose and Cholesterol Metabolism and Blood Pressure in Different Populations—A Systematic Review of the Literature

Metabolic Impact of Flavonoids Consumption in Obesity: From Central to Peripheral

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