Blue–yellow and standard pattern visual evoked potentials in phakic and pseudophakic glaucoma patients and controls

Fuest, Matthias; Kieckhoefel, Jule; Mazinani, Babac; Kuerten, David; Koutsonas, Antonis; Koch, Eva; Walter, Peter; Plange, Niklas

doi:10.1007/s00417-015-3152-6

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The aim of this study was to investigate whether the projector technique can be used to elicit reliable BYVEP responses in healthy and glaucoma patients. The present findings with the BYVEP supports the idea that preferential activation of a specific visual channel, in this case the blue–yellow sensitive pathway, is helpful in early glaucoma diagnosis [ 12 , 13 ] [ 25 – 27 ] because the responses are significantly associated with RNFL thickness and perimetric defects. Earlier studies have shown that glaucoma can reduce the amplitude and increase the peak latency of the BY-VEP [ 3 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Blue–Yellow VEP with Projector-Stimulation in Glaucoma

Molinos

Huchzermeyer

Laemmer

et al. 2021

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Background and aim In the past, increased latencies of the blue-on-yellow pattern visually evoked potentials (BY-VEP), which predominantly originate in the koniocellular pathway, have proven to be a sensitive biomarker for early glaucoma. However, a complex experimental setup based on an optical bench was necessary to obtain these measurements because computer screens lack sufficient temporal, spatial, spectral, and luminance resolution. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic value of a novel setup based on a commercially available video projector. Methods BY-VEPs were recorded in 126 participants (42 healthy control participants, 12 patients with ocular hypertension, 17 with “preperimetric” glaucoma, and 55 with perimetric glaucoma). Stimuli were created with a video projector (DLP technology) by rear projection of a blue checkerboard pattern (460 nm) for 200 ms (onset) superimposed on a bright yellow background (574 nm), followed by an offset interval where only the background was active. Thus, predominantly S-cones were stimulated while L- and M-cone responses were suppressed by light adaptation. Times of stimulus onset to VEP onset-trough (N-peak time) and offset-peak (P-peak time) were analyzed after age-correction based on linear regression in the normal participants. Results The resulting BY-VEPs were quite similar to those obtained in the past with the optical bench: pattern-onset generated a negative deflection of the VEP, whereas the offset-response was dominated by a positive component. N-peak times were significantly increased in glaucoma patients (preperimetric 136.1 ± 10 ms, p < 0.05; perimetric 153.1 ± 17.8 ms, p < 0.001) compared with normal participants (123.6 ± 7.7 ms). Furthermore, they were significantly correlated with disease severity as determined by visual field losses retinal nerve fiber thinning (Spearman R = –0.7, p < 0.001). Conclusions Video projectors can be used to create optical stimuli with high temporal and spatial resolution, thus potentially enabling sophisticated electrophysiological measurements in clinical practice. BY-VEPs based on such a projector had a high diagnostic value for detection of early glaucoma. Registration of study Registration site: www.clinicaltrials.gov Trial registration number: NCT00494923.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Blue–Yellow VEP with Projector-Stimulation in Glaucoma

Molinos

Huchzermeyer

Laemmer

et al. 2021

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…It should also be noted that the pattern VEP in clinical practice is typically recorded to an achromatic pattern stimulus, but it is possible to use chromatic stimuli to assess parvocellular and koniocellular parallel pathways of the visual system using red-green or blue-yellow stimuli respectively. Chromatic VEPs have been used to identify colour processing dysfunction in demyelinating disease [ 16 – 18 ], LHON [ 19 ], Glaucoma [ 20 ], Parkinsons disease [ 21 ] and congenital colour blindness [ 22 ]. Their use is intriguing in conditions of the optic nerve and RGCs causing dyschromatopsia or more selective RGC pathway deficits.…”

Section: Electrophysiological Tests Of Optic Nerve and Retinal Ganglion Cell Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical electrophysiology of the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells

Marmoy

Viswanáthan

2021

Eye

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Clinical electrophysiological assessment of optic nerve and retinal ganglion cell function can be performed using the Pattern Electroretinogram (PERG), Visual Evoked Potential (VEP) and the Photopic Negative Response (PhNR) amongst other more specialised techniques. In this review, we describe these electrophysiological techniques and their application in diseases affecting the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells with the exception of glaucoma. The disease groups discussed include hereditary, compressive, toxic/nutritional, traumatic, vascular, inflammatory and intracranial causes for optic nerve or retinal ganglion cell dysfunction. The benefits of objective, electrophysiological measurement of the retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve are discussed, as are their applications in clinical diagnosis of disease, determining prognosis, monitoring progression and response to novel therapies.

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“…Regardless of ss there was no statistic significant difference to be seen between phakic and pseudophakic eyes in the FF-PR-VEP as well as in the EF-P-ON/OFF-VEP for latencies and amplitudes. In the literature different studies report that the senile opacity of the crystalline lens does not contribute to changes of PR-VEPs [ 37 , 38 ]. Yamamoto et al assumed that longer latencies in elder test subjects are due to general senile changes in the optic pathway and not due to reduced transparency of the crystalline lens in elderly [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fullfield and extrafoveal visual evoked potentials in healthy eyes: reference data for a curved OLED display

et al. 2022

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Purpose Visual evoked potentials (VEP) present an important diagnostic tool in various ophthalmologic and neurologic diseases. Quantitative response data varied among patients but are also dependent on the recording and stimulating equipment. We established VEP reference values for our setting which was recently modified by using a curved OLED display as visual stimulator. Distinction is made between fullfield (FF) and extrafoveal (EF) conduction, and the effect of sex, age and lens status was determined. Methods This prospective cross-sectional study included 162 healthy eyes of 162 test persons older than 10 years. A fullfield pattern-reversal visual evoked potential (FF-PR-VEP) with two stimulus sizes (ss) (20.4′ and 1.4°) as well as an extrafoveal pattern onset–offset VEP (EF-P-ON/OFF-VEP) (ss 1.4° and 2.8°) was derived in accordance with the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision guidelines. Amplitudes and latencies were recorded, and the mean values as well as standard deviations were calculated. Age- and sex-dependent influences and the difference between phakic and pseudophakic eyes were examined. A subanalysis of EF-P-ON/OFF-VEP and fullfield pattern onset–offset VEP (FF-P-ON/OFF-VEP) was performed. A 55-inch curved OLED display (LG55EC930V, LG Electronics Inc., Seoul, South Korea) was used as visual stimulator. Results Mean P100 latency of the FF-PR-VEP was 103.81 ± 7.77 ms (ss 20.4′) and 102.58 ± 7.26 ms (ss 1.4°), and mean C2 latency of the EF-P-ON/OFF-VEP was 102.95 ± 11.84 ms (ss 1.4°) and 113.58 ± 9.87 ms (ss 2.8°). For all stimulation settings (FF-PR-VEP, EF-P-ON/OFF-VEP), a significant effect of age with longer latencies and smaller amplitudes in older subjects and higher amplitudes in women was observed. We saw no significant difference in latency or amplitude between phakic and pseudophakic eyes and between EF-P-ON/OFF-VEP and FF-P-ON/OFF-VEP. Conclusions A curved OLED visual stimulator is well suited to obtain VEP response curves with a reasonable interindividual variability. We found significant effects of age and gender in our responses but no effect of the lens status. EF-P-ON/OFF-VEP tends to show smaller amplitudes.

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Blue–yellow and standard pattern visual evoked potentials in phakic and pseudophakic glaucoma patients and controls

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Blue–Yellow VEP with Projector-Stimulation in Glaucoma

Blue–Yellow VEP with Projector-Stimulation in Glaucoma

Clinical electrophysiology of the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells

Fullfield and extrafoveal visual evoked potentials in healthy eyes: reference data for a curved OLED display

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