In the past decade, visible light communication (VLC) technology has received increasing attention for numerous applications, including for indoor visible light positioning (VLP). The transmission medium for indoor VLP systems in industrial environments could include smoke particles, oil vapors, water mist, and industrial fumes. This work investigates the indoor atmospheric attenuation on the performance of VLP for industrial scenarios. The considered VLP technique uses trilateration based on the Cayley-Menger-Determinant algorithm. The positioning method uses optical received signal strength (RSS) to estimate a drone's position.Smoke and fog effects for the indoor atmospheric attenuations have been considered for visibility (V) ranging from 15 m to 1 km. The results show that the position error increases from an average value of 5.73 cm in clear air to 28.41 cm and 29.94 cm with smoke and fog attenuation, respectively. Indeed, there is a slightly higher received power in the presence of smoke, as compared to fog, for a given visibility range.