Blue agave fiber esterification for the reinforcement of thermoplastic composites

Tronc, E.; Hernández-Escobar, Claudia A.; Ibarra‐Gómez, Rigoberto; Estrada‐Monje, Anayansi; Navarrete‐Bolaños, Juan; Zaragoza‐Contreras, Erasto Armando

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.05.027

Cited by 95 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This confi rms the sharp peaks observed in the diffractogram. The results of the x-ray diffraction study show various fl at peaks, which can be associated with the crystalline character of the fi ber and also due to a type of sugar or another substance added during the fermentation process (Tronc et al, 2007). In this case, WinPLOTR software was used to trace and visualize the diffractogram corresponding to the diffraction profi les of the crystalline part, the dispersion of the amorphous part and data processing.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction Analysis (Xrd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and morphological characterization of <em>Agave angustifolia</em> bagasse fibers

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The main aim of this study was to characterize cooked bagasse fi bers from Agave angustifolia Haw. The fi bers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray Diffraction and chemical analysis. The tensile strength was also tested using fi bers with a uniform length (30 mm). The fi bers were light brown in color, with a mean diameter and length of 501 μm and 144 mm, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed elliptically shaped cells with varying lumen size. Holocellulose content was approximately 82.12 %, and total lignin content was approximately 20.69 %. Due to the crystallinity and lignin content, the fi bers proved to be thermo-stable until 220 °C.The mean values of tensile strength, Young's modulus, % strain (ε), and ultimate tensile strength were determined via mechanical tests. The results are comparable to those of other common lignocellulosic fi bers, confi rming their potential use as a reinforcing element in a polymer matrix to form a new biodegradable composite. Keywords: chemical composition, crystallinity, mechanical tests, morphology, thermal analysis Resumen: El objetivo principal de este estudio fue caracterizar las fi bras de bagazo cocido de Agave angustifolia Haw. Las fi bras fueron caracterizadas a través de microscopia electrónica de barrido, calorimetría diferencial de barrido, análisis termogravimétri-cos, difracción de rayos X y análisis químico. También se realizaron pruebas de resistencia a la tracción usando fi bras de longitud constante (30 mm). Las fi bras presentaron un color marrón claro, con diámetro medio de 501 μm y longitud media de 144 mm. Las imágenes del microscopio electrónico de barrido mostraron células de forma elíptica con diferente tamaño de lumen. El contenido de holocelulosa fue alrededor de 82.12 % y el contenido total de lignina de aproximadamente 20.69 %. La fi bra resultó ser térmicamente estable hasta 220 °C debido a la cristalinidad y el contenido de lignina. El esfuerzo de tensión, el módulo de Young, el porcentaje de deformación (ε) y el esfuerzo último de tensión fueron obtenidos de las pruebas mecánicas. Los resultados son comparables a los de otras fi bras lignocelulósicas comunes, lo cual confi rma que estas fi bras tienen potencial como refuerzo en una matriz polimérica para formar un nuevo compuesto biodegradable. Palabras clave: análisis térmico, composición química, cristalinidad, morfología, pruebas mecánicas. ETHNOBOTANY R ecently, research on plant fi bers has been increasing due to the abundance of these materials and their status as renewable resources (Joseph et al., 1999;Ghali et al., 2006;Lucena et al., 2009;Ku et al., 2011;Kestur et al., 2013). Consequently, this focus has led to further research on the specifi c characterization of individual plant fi bers such as bamboo, okra, sisal, and henequen (Mishra et al., 2004; Bé-akou et al., 2008;De Rosa et al., 2010;Liu et al., 2012;Arrakhiz et al., 2013) and studies on composite materials (Mohan...

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Section: X-ray Diffraction Analysis (Xrd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and morphological characterization of <em>Agave angustifolia</em> bagasse fibers

et al. 2015

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“…As the fiber loading or the temperature increases, either a balance is created, giving a constant η * , or one dominates over the other and increases the η * . With 30% fiber loading, η * increases as expected, in which this case the viscosity is governed by a fiber-melt interaction [14,29]. Figures 4(a) and (b) showed the effect of KF loading on the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the composites.…”

Section: A Noranizan I Ahmad 36mentioning

confidence: 69%

Effect of Fiber Loading and Compatibilizer on Rheological, Mechanical and Morphological Behaviors

Noranizan¹,

Ahmad²

2012

OJPChem

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This study presents the composites prepared by melt blending based on high-density polyethylene, containing various amounts of kenaf fiber loadings and polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA) in an internal mixer were prepared and investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize both untreated and treated kenaf fibers. A rheological study of the composites showed a high complex viscosity and dynamic shear storage modulus between untreated and treated composites and composites with compatibilizer. A mechanical test showed that the tensile strength and tensile modulus were optimal with 20% fiber loading but decreased with 30% fiber loading for both the untreated and treated composites. The composite with PE-g-MA showed an improved mechanical strength. This phenomenon is due to an increase in the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and matrix leading to an improvement in the compatibility of the blend. Treatment of the kenaf fiber improved in the mechanical and impact strengths in comparison to the untreated kenaf composites. This behavior was supported by a morphology analysis of the fractured surfaces revealed that strong interfaces were formed on addition of the compatibilizer.

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“…Weber, family Asparagaceae) is a succulent plant grown in Mexico for the extraction of tequila liquor from its stem; in this process sisal fibers or agave fibers (AF) (bagasse) are generated as a by-product [15]. Blue agave bagasse accounts for 40% of the wet weight of the plant and is an underutilized by-product although several studies have suggested possible uses for it [15][16][17][18][19]. Sisal fibers derived from Agave species are well known for their fibrous strength and are sold as a textile commodity [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignocellulosic Composites Prepared Utilizing Aqueous Alkaline/Urea Solutions with Cold Temperatures

Tisserat

Liu

Haverhals

2018

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Lignocellulosic composites (LCs) were fabricated by partially dissolving cotton to create a matrix that was reinforced with osage orange wood (OOW) particles and/or blue agave fibers (AF). LCs were composed of 15-35% cotton matrix and 65-85% OWW/AF reinforcement. The matrix was produced by soaking cotton wool in a cold aqueous alkaline/urea solvent and was stirred for 15 minutes at 350 rpm to create a viscous gel. The gel was then reinforced with lignocellulosic components, mixed, and then pressed into a panel mold. LC panels were soaked in water to remove the aqueous solvent and then oven dried to obtain the final LC product. Several factors involved in the preparation of these LCs were examined including reaction temperatures (−5 to −15 ∘ C), matrix concentration (15-35% cotton), aqueous solvent volume (45-105 ml/panel), and the effectiveness of employing various aqueous solvent formulations. The mechanical properties of LCs were determined and reported. Conversion of the cotton into a suitable viscous gel was critical in order to obtain LCs that exhibited high mechanical properties. LCs with the highest mechanical properties were obtained when the cotton wools were subjected to a 4.6% LiOH/15% urea solvent at −12.5 ∘ C using an aqueous solvent volume of 60 ml/panel. Cotton wool subjected to excessive cold alkaline solvents volumes resulted in irreversible cellulose breakdown and a resultant LC that exhibited poor mechanical properties.

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Blue agave fiber esterification for the reinforcement of thermoplastic composites

Cited by 95 publications

References 41 publications

Chemical and morphological characterization of <em>Agave angustifolia</em> bagasse fibers

Chemical and morphological characterization of <em>Agave angustifolia</em> bagasse fibers

Effect of Fiber Loading and Compatibilizer on Rheological, Mechanical and Morphological Behaviors

Lignocellulosic Composites Prepared Utilizing Aqueous Alkaline/Urea Solutions with Cold Temperatures

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