Bloom Dynamics of Cyanobacteria and Their Toxins: Environmental Health Impacts and Mitigation Strategies

Rastogi, Rajesh P.; Madamwar, Datta; Incharoensakdi, Aran

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01254

Cited by 208 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 264 publications

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“…increasing flows to reduce water residence time and remove cyanobacteria) and biological controls (e.g. introducing organisms that consume HAB species) (Rastogi, Madamwar & Incharoensakdi, ). Ultimately, managing HAB risks requires comprehensive analyses of the effectiveness and compliance of the entire management system, including hard controls that prevent pressures and impacts, as well as soft controls that enable, facilitate or track the effectiveness of hard controls.…”

Section: Emerging Threatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging threats and persistent conservation challenges for freshwater biodiversity

et al. 2018

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In the 12 years since Dudgeon et al. (2006) reviewed major pressures on freshwater ecosystems, the biodiversity crisis in the world's lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams and wetlands has deepened. While lakes, reservoirs and rivers cover only 2.3% of the Earth's surface, these ecosystems host at least 9.5% of the Earth's described animal species. Furthermore, using the World Wide Fund for Nature's Living Planet Index, freshwater population declines (83% between 1970 and 2014) continue to outpace contemporaneous declines in marine or terrestrial systems. The Anthropocene has brought multiple new and varied threats that disproportionately impact freshwater systems. We document 12 emerging threats to freshwater biodiversity that are either entirely new since 2006 or have since intensified: (i) changing climates; (ii) e-commerce and invasions; (iii) infectious diseases; (iv) harmful algal blooms; (v) expanding hydropower; (vi) emerging contaminants; (vii) engineered nanomaterials; (viii) microplastic pollution; (ix) light and noise; (x) freshwater salinisation; (xi) declining calcium; and (xii) cumulative stressors. Effects are evidenced for amphibians, fishes, invertebrates, microbes, plants, turtles and waterbirds, with potential for ecosystem-level changes through bottom-up and top-down processes. In our highly uncertain future, the net effects of these threats raise serious concerns for freshwater ecosystems. However, we also highlight opportunities for conservation gains as a result of novel management tools (e.g. environmental flows, environmental DNA) and specific conservation-oriented actions (e.g. dam removal, habitat protection policies, managed relocation of species) that have been met with varying levels of success. Moving forward, we advocate hybrid approaches that manage fresh waters as crucial ecosystems for human life support as well as essential hotspots of biodiversity and ecological function. Efforts to reverse global trends in freshwater degradation now depend on bridging an immense gap between the aspirations of conservation biologists and the accelerating rate of species endangerment.

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Section: Emerging Threatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging threats and persistent conservation challenges for freshwater biodiversity

et al. 2018

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“…Excess Pi in natural water sources is a major cause of eutrophication [76]. Toxic cyanobacterial blooms are frequently attributed to Pi accumulation in water sources resulting from agricultural runoff [77]. Normally, Pi is removed from wastewaters by chemical precipitation, which is an expensive process [78].…”

Section: The Response To High Levels Of Extracellular Pimentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms of Phosphate Homeostasis in <i>Escherichia coli</i>

McCleary¹

2017

≪i>Escherichia Coli

13
2
12
0

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Life's processes absolutely require inorganic phosphate for structural and energetic purposes. Escherichia coli has developed sophisticated mechanisms to acquire phosphate and to maintain intracellular amounts at optimal levels. The processes by which these simple cells maintain stable intracellular concentrations of phosphate are termed phosphate homeostasis, which involves mechanisms to balance the import, assimilation, sequestration, and export of phosphate. This chapter introduces the proteins involved in phosphate homeostasis and reviews information concerning the multiple phosphate transporters and the mechanisms by which they are regulated. It also introduces new concepts of how this bacterium responds to elevated extracellular levels of phosphate and presents a model for the integration of all of these processes to achieve homeostasis. The predominant importers are PitA, PitB, and the PstSCAB complex. Assimilation, or the incorporation of Pi into organic molecules, occurs primarily through the formation of ATP. Gene regulation relies on the PhoB/PhoR two-component system and the formation of a signaling complex at the membrane. The amount of intracellular phosphate can be fine-tuned through the formation or degradation of polyphosphate. Polyphosphate formation requires adequate supplies of ATP. In addition, when intracellular phosphate levels become too high, phosphate can be exported through PitA, PitB, or the YjbB transporters.

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“…Moreover, in some conditions, cyanobacteria can produce cyanotoxins (that includes hepatotoxins, neurotoxins, cytotoxins, and dermotoxins) negatively impacting the survival of aquatic organisms [6]. In addition to wild animals, intoxication can also occur for domestic animals and humans, either by direct ingestion of cyanobacteria cells and/or through consumption of drinking water containing cyanotoxins [7], leading to public health concerns [3]. Cyanobacteria blooms also generate bad-smelling mucilaginous scum that both impact…”

Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%

Cyanobacterial Blooms in Lake Varese: Analysis and Characterization over Ten Years of Observations
Chirico
¹
,
António
²
,
Pozzoli
³

et al. 2020
Water
20
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12
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Cyanobacteria blooms are a worldwide concern for water bodies and may be promoted by eutrophication and climate change. The prediction of cyanobacterial blooms and identification of the main triggering factors are of paramount importance for water management. In this study, we analyzed a comprehensive dataset including ten-years measurements collected at Lake Varese, an eutrophic lake in Northern Italy. Microscopic analysis of the water samples was performed to characterize the community distribution and dynamics along the years. We observed that cyanobacteria represented a significant fraction of the phytoplankton community, up to 60% as biovolume, and a shift in the phytoplankton community distribution towards cyanobacteria dominance onwards 2010 was detected. The relationships between cyanobacteria biovolume, nutrients, and environmental parameters were investigated through simple and multiple linear regressions. We found that 14-days average air temperature together with total phosphorus may only partly explain the cyanobacteria biovolume variance at Lake Varese. However, weather forecasts can be used to predict an algal outbreak two weeks in advance and, eventually, to adopt management actions. The prediction of cyanobacteria algal blooms remains challenging and more frequent samplings, combined with the microscopy analysis and the metagenomics technique, would allow a more conclusive analysis.

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Bloom Dynamics of Cyanobacteria and Their Toxins: Environmental Health Impacts and Mitigation Strategies

Cited by 208 publications

References 264 publications

Emerging threats and persistent conservation challenges for freshwater biodiversity

Emerging threats and persistent conservation challenges for freshwater biodiversity

Molecular Mechanisms of Phosphate Homeostasis in <i>Escherichia coli</i>

Cyanobacterial Blooms in Lake Varese: Analysis and Characterization over Ten Years of Observations

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