Blood Serotonin Levels in Adults, Autistic and Non-Autistic Children—With a Comparison of Different Methodologies

Badcock, N R; Spence, Jay; Stern, L. M.

doi:10.1177/000456328702400613

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Blood 5-HT levels are generally stable in an individual over several months (Yuwiler et al 1970) and are not affected by ordinary changes in diet (Anderson et al 1984;Badcock et al 1987). An early study found that after acute loading with tryptophan, the precursor of 5-HT, changes in blood 5-HT levels were transient with a return to baseline levels within 8 h (Yuwiler et al 1981).…”

Section: Biochemical and Molecular Genetic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin Transporter and Seasonal Variation in Blood Serotonin in Families with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Hanna

Himle

Curtis

et al. 1998

Neuropsychopharmacology

142

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The serotonin transporter (HTT) is a candidate gene for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) that has been associated with anxiety-related traits. The long (1) and short (s) variants of theThe serotonin transporter (HTT = SLC6A4) is a plausible candidate gene for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and several other psychiatric disorders (Altemus et al. 1996;Lesch et al. 1995;Ogilvie et al. 1996). It has been associated with anxiety-related traits in two predominantly male samples (Gelernter et al. 1995;Ramamoorthy et al. 1993). A complementary deoxyribose nucleic acid (cDNA) encoding the 5-HTT in the human midbrain raphe complex has been isolated, and its identity with the human platelet serotonin (5-HT) transporter site has been demonstrated (Lesch et al. 1993a,b).HTT gene transcription is regulated by a deletion/ insertion polymorphism in the promoter (Heils et al. 1995). The long (I) and short (s) variants of this polymorphic region have different transcriptional efficiencies in transfection assays and lymphoblastoid cell lines Lesch et al. 1996). The short allele reduces the transcriptional efficiency of the HTT gene promoter, resulting in decreased 5-HTT binding and 5-HT uptake in lymphoblasts . Studies of HIT gene expression in lymphoblast cell lines from 10 subjects with different genotypes suggested that the polymorphism has more of a dominant-recessive than a codominant-additive effect, with the short variant ap-0893-133X/98/$19.00 PII S0893-133X(97)00097-3 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 1998-VOL. 18, NO. 2 pearing dominant to the long variant. However, the dominant mode of action of the short allele has been questioned (Goldman 1996).Because of the small sample size in that study and the importance of the HTT, we examined the relationship between the HTT promoter variant and whole blood 5-HT concentration in 70 individuals from 20 families ascertained through children and adolescents between 10 and 17 years of age with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of OCD. Sampling through early-onset cases can be a useful strategy in identifying a more clearly genetic or homogeneous form of a disorder (Lander and Schork 1994). Family studies have demonstrated that OCD is often familial and that the morbid risk of the disorder is higher among the relatives of early-onset probands than among the relatives of late-onset probands (Bellodi et al. 1992;Pauls et al. 1995).The selective response of OCD to potent 5-HT transporter inhibitors (serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SRis) has suggested that a serotonergic abnormality may be involved in OCD (Goodman et al. 1990;Leonard et al. 1989). The 5-HTT is an initial site of action for those drugs and is crucial to the termination of serotonergic neurotransmission (Amara and Kuhar 1993). Two treatment studies of childhood OCD using clomipramine, a potent 5-HT transporter inhibitor, have demonstrated a significant correlation between clinical improvement and a marked reduction in either platelet 5-HT or whole blood 5-HT content, reflecting the effect of the drug on the platelet uptake site (F...

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Section: Biochemical and Molecular Genetic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin Transporter and Seasonal Variation in Blood Serotonin in Families with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Hanna

Himle

Curtis

et al. 1998

Neuropsychopharmacology

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Laboratory studies suggest that individual differences in whole blood serotonin are stable over extended periods of a year or more (Badcock, Spence & Stern, 1987;Yuwiler, Brammer, Morley, Raleigh, Flannery, & Geller, 1981). Two previous clinical studies have shown that CSF serotonin indices can predict aggression and violence after two to three years of follow-up (Kruesi et aI., 1992;Virkkunen, Dejong, Bartko, Goodwin, & Linnoila, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Men and women were studied, to redress the dearth of studies of serotonin and violence among women . Factors known or suspected to influence concentrations of whole blood serotonin were examined, including use of psychiatric medication, ilIicit drugs or tobacco (Mann et aI., 1992), season of venipuncture Badcock, Spence & Stern, 1987;Brewerton et aI., 1988), blood platelet count (Ritvo, Yuwiler, Geller, Plotkin, Mason. & Saegar, 1971), and available precursor plasma tryptophan concentration (Chamberlain, Ervin, Pihl & Young, 1987;Fernstrom & Wurtman, 1971).…”

Section: Whole Blood Serotonin Relates To Violence In An Epidemiologimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, although laboratory studies suggest that whole blood serotonin is not affected after puberty by age (Badcock, Spence & Stern, 1987;Ritvo, Yuwiler, Geller, Plotkin, Mason & Saeger, 1971;Siefert, Foxx & Butler, 1980), recent diet (Badcock, Spence & Stern, 1987;Kremer, Goekoop & Van Kempen, 1990;, or diurnal variation or activity level (Kremer, Goekoop & Van Kempen, 1990;Badcock, Spence & Stern, 1987), these factors were controlled because not all reports agree (Wirz- Justice, Lichtsteiner & Freer, 1977). The blood was collected into lithium heparin (Vacutainer) tubes and stored in the dark at -20°C until the time of assay, from I to 12 months later.…”

Section: Whole Blood Serotonin Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Storage under these conditions does not effect whole blood serotonin concentrations (Badcock, Spence & Stern, 1987).…”

Section: Whole Blood Serotonin Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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