Blood Pressure Response to Interrupting Workplace Sitting Time With Non-Exercise Physical Activity

Mainsbridge, Casey; Ahuja, Kiran; Williams, Andrew D.; Bird, Marie‐Louise; Cooley, Dean; Pedersen, Scott J.

doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000001377

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In relation to varied postures, there is evidence that interventions are able to reduce sedentary behaviour and increase physical activity [38]. Furthermore, interrupting the time spent sitting at the workplace might produce long-term reductions in blood pressure [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparability of Self-Ratings and Observer Ratings in Occupational Psychosocial Risk Assessments: Is There Agreement?

Schneider

Mädler

Lang

2019

BioMed Research International

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Objective. The suitability of self-ratings and observer ratings within organisational management approaches is controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the degree of agreement between self-rated and observer-rated occupational psychosocial demands. The comparison took place within a work-activity and not worker-centred assessment, according to official policies for psychosocial risk assessment. Through simultaneous application of two versions of the same instrument, we aimed to reduce the rating bias to a minimum demonstrating the suitability of self-ratings and observer ratings in companies of all kinds. Methods. A multimethod online assessment of 22 different work activities was conducted in Germany from October 2016 to October 2017. Workers (self-ratings) and occupational safety and health (OSH) committees (observer ratings) rated the occupational psychosocial risks of each activity with the same instrument (N = 669). The instrument measured psychosocial risk conditions at work. Reliability and agreement indices were computed. Results. The within-group agreement (WGA; rwg,mean = .42) of the workers’ self-ratings was good for each psychosocial risk and the interrater reliability (IRR) was excellent on average (ICC 2 = .77) with a medium effect size of ICC 1 = .15. The interrater agreement (IRA) between the two groups varied across the activities depending on rating group and activity composition (from ICCunjust,mean = .39 to ICCunjust,mean = .86) but was good to excellent on average (ICCunjust,mean = .71). Conclusion. The reasonable agreement and excellent reliability in workers’ self-ratings justify aggregation of item means at the group level. Furthermore, if the work activities are homogenous and the committee consists of members from different OSH specialties, observer ratings and self-ratings provide comparable results. According to this study’s results, both methods are reliable assessment strategies in the context of psychosocial risk assessment. The observer rating approach is especially suitable for small-to-medium enterprises that do not have access to a large anonymous survey assessment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparability of Self-Ratings and Observer Ratings in Occupational Psychosocial Risk Assessments: Is There Agreement?

Schneider

Mädler

Lang

2019

BioMed Research International

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“…stairwells), restricting elevators usage, active commuting to work and physical activity counselling are some attempts to reduce occupation-related sedentary behavior [ 86 – 89 ]. Contemporary evidence claims workplace digital interventions such as e-health may influence cardiometabolic disease risk especially mean arterial pressure (MAP) [ 90 , 91 ]. A 12-month e-health intervention was found to reduce MAP (3.6–4.0 mmHg) significantly compared to baseline.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does breaking up prolonged sitting improve cognitive functions in sedentary adults? A mapping review and hypothesis formulation on the potential physiological mechanisms

Chandrasekaran

Pesola

Rao

et al. 2021

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background Prolonged (excessive) sitting is detrimentally associated with cardiovascular, metabolic and mental health. Moreover, prolonged sitting has been associated with poor executive function, memory, attention and visuospatial skills, which are important cognitive aspects of work performance. Breaking up prolonged sitting with standing or light-intensity exercises at the workplace is recognized as a potential measure in improving cognition. However, preliminary evidence, primarily from acute laboratory experiments, has enabled formulating hypothesis on the possible mechanistic pathways. Hence, the aim of this mapping review is to gather preliminary evidence and substantiate possible physiological mechanisms underpinning the putative effects of breaking prolonged sitting on improving cognitive function among sedentary office workers. Mapping method We searched four databases to identify relevant studies that explored the effects of uninterrupted sitting on cognitive function. First, we introduce how prolonged sitting increases the risks of hyperglycemia, autonomic stability, inflammation, adverse hormonal changes and restrictions in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and alters cognitive function. Second, we elucidate the direct and indirect effects of breaking up prolonged sitting time that may prevent a decline in cognitive performance by influencing glycaemic variability, autonomic stability, hormones (brain derived neurotrophic factor, dopamine, serotonin), vascular functions, and CBF. We highlight the importance of breaking up prolonged sitting on metabolic, vascular and endocrine functions, which in turn may improve cognitive functions and eventually foster work productivity. Improved synaptic transmission or neuroplasticity due to increased brain glucose and mitochondrial metabolism, increased endothelial shear and CBF, increased brain neurotrophic factors (dopamine) and accelerated anti-inflammatory functions are some of the hypothetical mechanisms underpinning improved cognitive functions. Conclusion We postulate that improving cognitive function by breaking up prolonged sitting periods is biologically plausible with the myriad of (suggested) physiological mechanisms. Future experimental studies to ascertain the aforementioned hypothetical mechanisms and clinical trials to break sedentary behavior and improve cognitive functions in sedentary office workers are warranted.

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“…In the chronic studies, only one study reported the adherence to the intervention [52], so in the other studies it is not known how much of the intervention was completed by the participants. Also, even though most of the interventions in the chronic studies were similar, they were not standardized, along with the fact that four studies had no control group [49,51,53,56] to make direct comparisons to the interventions. The average quality score could also be a limitation, with both the acute and chronic studies averaging 7 points, indicating average quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Breaking Up Prolonged Sitting on Cardiovascular Parameters: A systematic Review

et al. 2021

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The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the acute and chronic effects of sitting breaks on cardiovascular parameters. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched by two independent researchers for relevant studies published until February 2020. Acute or chronic studies reporting the effects of sitting breaks or reduction in sitting time on cardiovascular parameters were examined. The eligibility criteria followed PICOS: Population - Humans ≥ 18 years old; Interventions – Sitting break strategies; Comparisons – Uninterrupted sitting; Outcomes – Cardiovascular parameters (blood pressure, heart rate, ambulatory blood pressure, vascular function, pulse-wave velocity, cerebral blood flow and biomarkers); Study design – Randomized controlled trials, non-randomized non-controlled trials and randomized crossover trials. Forty-five studies were included, where 35 investigated the acute and 10 the chronic effects of sitting breaks or reductions in sitting time. Walking was the main acute study strategy, used in different volumes (1 min 30 s to 30 min), intensities (light to vigorous) and frequencies (every 20 min to every 2 h). Acute studies found improvements on cardiovascular parameters, especially blood pressure, flow-mediated dilation, and biomarkers, whereas chronic studies found improvements mostly on blood pressure. Breaking up or reducing sitting time improves cardiovascular parameters, especially with walking.

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Blood Pressure Response to Interrupting Workplace Sitting Time With Non-Exercise Physical Activity

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Comparability of Self-Ratings and Observer Ratings in Occupational Psychosocial Risk Assessments: Is There Agreement?

Comparability of Self-Ratings and Observer Ratings in Occupational Psychosocial Risk Assessments: Is There Agreement?

Does breaking up prolonged sitting improve cognitive functions in sedentary adults? A mapping review and hypothesis formulation on the potential physiological mechanisms

Effects of Breaking Up Prolonged Sitting on Cardiovascular Parameters: A systematic Review

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