Blood Pressure Regulation in Abdominal Obesity

Leblanc, M; Poirier, Paul

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-407869-7.00014-3

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 98 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These are termed first or cephalic phase responses and can influence digestion and metabolism by modifying vagal tone [4], gastric secretions, motility and emptying [5, 6], gut hormone release (e.g., CCK [7], GLP-1 [8] and ghrelin [9]), and post-absorptive endocrine responses (e.g., insulin [10, 11] and thermogenesis [12]). The best studied is the cephalic phase insulin response (CPIR) which modulates post-prandial glycemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cephalic phase insulin response to nutritive and low-calorie sweeteners in solid and beverage form

Dhillon

Lee

Mattes

2017

Physiology & Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of the study was to examine the role of the cephalic phase insulin response (CPIR) following exposure to nutritive and low-calorie sweeteners in solid and beverage form in overweight and obese adults. In addition, the role of learning on the CPIR to nutritive and low-calorie sweetener exposure was tested. Sixty-four overweight and obese adults (age: 18–50 yr, BMI: 24–37 kg/m2, body fat percentage > 25% for men and > 32% for women) were sham-fed (at 2-minute intervals for 14 minutes) a randomly assigned test load comprised of a nutritive (sucrose) or low calorie sweetener (sucralose) in beverage or solid form in phase 1 of the study. A 2–3 ml blood sample was collected before and 2, 6, 10, 14, 61, 91 and 121 minutes after oral exposure for serum insulin and glucose analysis. During phase 2, participants underwent a 2-week training period to facilitate associative learning between the sensory properties of test loads and their post-ingestive effects. In phase 3, participants were retested for their cephalic phase responses as in phase 1. Participants were classified as responders if they demonstrated a positive insulin response (rise of serum insulin above baseline i.e. Δ insulin) 2 minutes post-stimulus in phase 1. Among responders exposed to the same sweetener in Phases 1 and 3, the proportion of participants that displayed a rise of insulin with oral exposure to sucralose was significantly greater when the stimulus was in the solid form compared to the beverage form. Sucralose and sucrose exposure elicited similarly significant increases in serum insulin 2 minutes after exposure and significant decreases after 2 minutes in responders in both food forms. The solid food form elicited greater CPIR over 2, 6 and 10 minutes than the beverage form. There was no effect of learning on insulin responses after training. The results indicate the presence of a significant CPIR in a subset of individuals with overweight or obesity after oral exposure to sucralose, especially when present in solid food form. Future studies must confirm the reliability of this response.

show abstract