Blood pressure lowering and risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes: an individual participant data meta-analysis

Nazarzadeh, Milad; Bidel, Zeinab; Canoy, Dexter; Copland, Emma; Wamil, Małgorzata; Majert, Jeannette; Smith-Byrne, Karl; Sundström, Johan; Teo, Koon; Davis, Barry R.; Chalmers, John; Pepine, Carl J.; Dehghan, Abbas; Bennett, Derrick; Smith, George Davey; Rahimi, Kazem

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01920-6

Cited by 85 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Patterns like these might be expected to appear frequently for known side effects. As further examples, ACE inhibitors were also found to be protective for “other specified joint diseases” even though joint pain is a known side effect, and thiazides were estimated to be protective for diabetes, also a known side effect 19 . However, we note that when assessing repurposing opportunities on outcomes that are not known side effects (or indications) of any of the drugs, the danger of such biases driving results is greatly reduced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Systematically exploring repurposing effects of antihypertensives

Shahn

Spear

et al. 2022

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With availability of voluminous sets of observational data, an empirical paradigm to screen for drug repurposing opportunities (i.e., beneficial effects of drugs on nonindicated outcomes) is feasible. In this article, we use a linked claims and electronic health record database to comprehensively explore repurposing effects of antihypertensive drugs. We follow a target trial emulation framework for causal inference to emulate randomized controlled trials estimating confounding adjusted effects of antihypertensives on each of 262 outcomes of interest. We then fit hierarchical models to the results as a form of postprocessing to account for multiple comparisons and to sift through the results in a principled way. Our motivation is twofold. We seek both to surface genuinely intriguing drug repurposing opportunities and to elucidate through a real application some study design decisions and potential biases that arise in this context.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Systematically exploring repurposing effects of antihypertensives

Shahn

Spear

et al. 2022

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…“5 mm Hg, 11%.” I’m trying to commit these numbers to memory for consultations with patients at high risk of developing diabetes: lowering your systolic blood pressure by five points reduces the chances of getting diabetes by about a tenth. This was one of the conclusions of a meta-analysis of individual participant data from 22 studies conducted between 1973 and 2008 1…”

Section: Thiazides and β Blockers Feel The Pressurementioning

confidence: 86%

Tom Nolan’s research reviews—26 November 2021

Nolan¹

2021

BMJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thiazides and β blockers feel the pressure "5 mm Hg, 11%." I'm trying to commit these numbers to memory for consultations with patients at high risk of developing diabetes: lowering your systolic blood pressure by five points reduces the chances of getting diabetes by about a tenth. This was one of the conclusions of a meta-analysis of individual participant data from 22 studies conducted between 1973 and 2008. 1

show abstract

“…A recent study involving 157,728 participants with previous CVDs and 186,988 participants without previous CVDs found that a reduction of SBP by 5 mmHg is associated with 9% fewer major cardiovascular events [hazard ratio ( HR ): 0.91, 95% CI : 0.89–0.94] for participants without previous CVDs and 11% fewer major cardiovascular events ( HR : 0.89, 95% CI : 0.86–0.92) for those with previous CVDs ( 16 ). In addition, a meta-analysis revealed that SBP reduction by 5 mmHg reduced the risk of incident type 2 diabetes by 11% ( HR : 0.89, 95% CI : 0.86–0.92) ( 19 ). In our study, after adjusting for confounding factors, residents who always participated in the annual health checks tended to have lower SBP (β:−4.36, 95% CI : −5.46 ∼−3.26) than those who attended sometimes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between the Frequency of Annual Health Checks Participation and the Control of Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Tang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundGeneral health checks can help in controlling cardiovascular risk factors. However, few studies have investigated whether regular participation in annual health checks could further improve the control of cardiovascular risk factors compared with intermittent participation. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the association between the frequency of annual health check participation and the control of cardiovascular risk factors.MethodsResidents aged ≥ 65 years or having chronic diseases (hypertension or diabetes) from 37 communities of Guangzhou, Guangdong, who participated in the Basic Public Health Service project between January 2015 and December 2019, were enrolled and divided into 3 groups (“Sometimes,” “Usually,” and “Always”) according to their frequencies of annual health check participation. Multivariable linear regression models were performed to assess the association between the frequency of annual health check participation and the control of cardiovascular risk factors. A subgroup analysis stratified by gender was also conducted.ResultsIn total, 9,102 participants were finally included. Significant differences were identified between groups in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), weight, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum creatinine. After fully adjusting for confounding factors, residents who always participated in the annual health check tended to have lower SBP (β = −4.36, 95% CI: −5.46; −3.26, p < 0.001), fasting glucose (β = −0.27, 95% CI: −0.38; −0.15, p < 0.001), and total cholesterol (β = −0.19, 95% CI: −0.26; −0.13, p < 0.001), compared with those who attended sometimes. Furthermore, gender did not alter these associations.ConclusionA higher frequency of annual health check participation was associated with lower SBP, fasting glucose, and total cholesterol.

show abstract

Blood pressure lowering and risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes: an individual participant data meta-analysis

Cited by 85 publications

References 49 publications

Systematically exploring repurposing effects of antihypertensives

Systematically exploring repurposing effects of antihypertensives

Tom Nolan’s research reviews—26 November 2021

The Association Between the Frequency of Annual Health Checks Participation and the Control of Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About