Blood pressure and blood sugar-lowering effects of purified gambir on diabetic hypertensive Wistar Kyoto rats

Abstract

Objectives Antioxidants protect people from diabetes and its cardiovascular complication. Purified gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) is a potential medicinal plant for treating this condition based on the antioxidant activity of its catechin compound. This study tries to reveal the potential activity of purified gambir as a blood pressure-lowering drug while lowering blood glucose in diabetic hypertensive rats induced by oral NaCl-Prednisone and Alloxan. Methods Rats were induced by oral NaCl 0.8% and Prednisone 5 mg/kg BW for 14 days to obtain hypertensive condition. Alloxan 125 mg/kg BW was given intra peritoneal injection on the 8th day to obtain diabetic hypertensive condition. The animal was divided into five groups, normal control group treated with vehicle, treatment groups were treated with purified gambir at dose of 2.5; 5 and 10 mg/kg BW respectively, while the positive control group were treated with a combination of captopril-glibenclamide at dose of 2.25 and 0.45 mg/kg BW. All animals were treated orally for 14 days. Fasting blood glucose and cardiovascular parameters (SBP, DBP, MAP, HR, BF and BV) were measured on days 1, 3, 7, and 14. NO level were measured on day 0 and day 14. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test. Results The purified gambir has blood pressure and blood sugar-lowering activity (p<0.05). The NO levels of the treatment group also increased significantly (p<0.05). Conclusions This study indicated that purified gambir could be an alternative medicine to manage blood glucose and blood pressure in the diabetic hypertensive model.

Purified Gambir (Uncaria Gambir (Hunter) Roxb.) Attenuate Renal Function in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Male Rats

“…Furthermore, purified gambier in small doses can improve kidney function and lower blood sugar levels. This can be seen from the value of creatinine clearance, which increased to close to normal values until the end of the experiment after experiencing a decrease due to kidney disorders and related to previous research [13].…”

“…An Accu-check active glucometer (Roche, Germany) was used to test blood glucose levels in the rat tail. The rats were defined as diabetic after two consecutive measurements of blood glucose above 250 mg/dl and a fasting blood glucose (FBG) level greater than 126 mg/dl [13].…”

“…Uncaria gambir from the Rubiaceae family has various activities, including antioxidant [10], anti-inflammatory [11], antiatherosclerosis [12] and hypoglycemic effect. Previous research revealed that purified gambier reduce blood sugar levels and blood pressure in diabetic-hypertensive rats [13]. However, there is lack information regarding purified gambier effect on renal function in diabetic model.…”

Sub-acute Toxicity Study of Bitter Leaf (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) Aqueous Fraction on Haematological Parameters

“…Similar findings have been reported in the literature. [18][19][20][21][22][23] The presence of alkaloids and other bioactive compounds invokes the medicinal characteristics of the plants and their therapeutic use in various pharmacopoeias. 24,25 Sub-acute toxicity, animal observation, body weight, food intake and water consumption measurement A sub-acute oral toxicity study in BALB/c mice indicated zero mortality after repeated VALAF administration for 21 days.…”

Roselle Calyx (Hibiscus Sabdariffa. L) as an Anti-Diabetic: Ethyl Acetate Fraction Reduce Fasting Blood Glucose Total Cholesterol and Repair Pancreas Function on Diabetic Model

“…On the fifth day after streptozotocin induction, the blood glucose levels of the test animals were measured using Easy Touch ® GCU. The consistency and evaluation between the blood glucose levels measured by glucometers and plasma glucose levels measured by a laboratory biochemical test in rats have been done in our previous research [17].…”