Blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging using T2-prepared steady-state free-precession imaging in comparison to contrast-enhanced myocardial perfusion imaging

Assessment of segmental myocardial blood flow and myocardial perfusion reserve by adenosine‐stress myocardial arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging

“…However, it would be clinically laborious to perform PET perfusion imaging followed by BOLD MRI in the practice setting, as this would subject patients to considerable time and financial commitments in addition to the inconvenience of undergoing two sequential vasodilator stress tests, unless there is widespread clinical adoption of combined PET‐MRI systems in the future. Several studies have shown correlation between MRI‐derived MBF using gadolinium first‐pass perfusion with BOLD MRI . However, given real concerns over gadolinium exposure, neural gadolinium retention, and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, there is a clear clinical need for a contrast‐free MR alternative.…”

Novel cardiovascular magnetic resonance oxygenation approaches in understanding pathophysiology of cardiac diseases

“…Oxygenation‐sensitive CMR SSFP sequence has been demonstrated to have improved image quality compared to oxygenation‐sensitive T2* sequences at both 1.5 and 3 T magnetic field . Karamitsos and colleagues compared OS‐CMR with PET in patients with known CAD.…”

“…Similarly, OS-CMR signal intensity was investigated in subjects having exercise induced angina and this was compared with invasive coronary angiography and thallium single Oxygenation-sensitive CMR SSFP sequence has been demonstrated to have improved image quality compared to oxygenationsensitive T2* sequences at both 1.5 and 3 T magnetic field. 17,18 Karamitsos and colleagues compared OS-CMR with PET in patients with known CAD. They observed a good agreement between OS-CMR and PET regarding the presence or absence of ischaemia.…”

Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced and non-contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of myocardial ischemic reactions

“…48 Importantly, the transmurality of stress-inducible perfusion deficits on first-pass imaging had a significant relationship with the observed BOLD signal intensity increase. Based on a single slice approach, Friedrich et al 44 demonstrated that BOLD CMR imaging yielded comparable sensitivities to thallium SPECT for the detection of severe coronary stenosis (i.e., [75% luminal narrowing).…”