Blood Neutrophils from Children with COVID-19 Exhibit Both Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Markers

Seery, Vanesa; Raiden, Silvina; Algieri, Silvia; Grisolía, Nicolás A.; Filippo, Daniela; Carli, Norberto De; Lalla, Sandra Di; Cairoli, Hétor; Chiolo, María J.; Meregalli, Claudia; Giménez, Lorena I.; Gregorio, Gabriela; Sarli, Mariam; Alcalde, Ana L.; Davenport, Carolina; Bruera, María José; Simaz, Nancy; Pérez, Mariela Fernanda; Nivela, Valeria; Bayle, Carola; Tuccillo, Patricia; Agosta, María Temis; Perez, Hernan A; Workgroup, COVID-19 Naval Pediatric; Nova, Susana Villa; Suárez, Patricia; Takata, Eugenia M.; García, Mariela; Workgroup, COVID-19 Fernández Pediatric Residency; Lattner, Jorge; Rolón, María José; Coll, Patricia; Sananez, Inés; Holgado, María Pía; Ferrero, Fernando; Geffner, Jorge; Arruvito, Lourdes

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3774818

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Interestingly, neonates born to SARS-CoV-2-infected women displayed dysregulated immune and non-immune processes including the activation of neutrophils, which was previously reported in children with COVID-19 51 . Such activation may be attributed to the elevated concentrations of IL-8 in the cord blood since this cytokine can activate neutrophils 52 , suggesting that neonates born to women with SARS-CoV-2 infection display a mild neutrophil response.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Maternal-fetal immune responses in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2

et al. 2022

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Pregnant women represent a high-risk population for severe/critical COVID-19 and mortality. However, the maternal-fetal immune responses initiated by SARS-CoV-2 infection, and whether this virus is detectable in the placenta, are still under investigation. Here we show that SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy primarily induces unique inflammatory responses at the maternal-fetal interface, which are largely governed by maternal T cells and fetal stromal cells. SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is also associated with humoral and cellular immune responses in the maternal blood, as well as with a mild cytokine response in the neonatal circulation (i.e., umbilical cord blood), without compromising the T-cell repertoire or initiating IgM responses. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 is not detected in the placental tissues, nor is the sterility of the placenta compromised by maternal viral infection. This study provides insight into the maternal-fetal immune responses triggered by SARS-CoV-2 and emphasizes the rarity of placental infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Maternal-fetal immune responses in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2

et al. 2022

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“…Low expression of adhesion molecules with high expression of inhibitory receptors might prevent tissue infiltration by neutrophil preserving lung function. This is parallels with variable IgG response in patients and baseline titres of controls [8]. IgM and IgG responses in child with covid-19 were high, but lower than adult covid-19.…”

Section: Childhoodsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…This opinion tempts to make showcase analysis for covid-19 in childhood [8] and in adulthood [9,10,20,29,30] aiming to deduce if any evidence for the immune deviation of neutrophil in this disease. The disease in both disease groups showed the following immune mechanisms;…”

Section: Neutrophil Immune Deviation In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutrophil compartment in virus human disease [5] may express either up regulation and/or down regulation processes on the other immune cells which may finalized by tissue preservation or tissue damage. The objective of the present opinion was to make show case analysis for exploring the role of neutrophils in childhood [8] and adulthood [9,10,11,12,13,14] sars-cov-2 infection and to deduce the possible existence of neutrophil immune deviation in covid-19 both in childhood [8] and adulthood [9,10,11,12,13,14]. Neutrophil cellular skeleton composed of microtubule network part of which extend up to plasma membrane such network important in phagocytosis and direct cell movement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Immune Features of Neutrophil and Neutrophil Immune Deviation Induced by Human SARS-COV-2 Infections

Shnawa

2022

JPRI

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Current published scientific works on human neutrophils have shown them to be heterogeneous in their immune functions. Activated neutrophil perform both up regulation and down regulation processes on other immune cells finalized by either tissue protection or tissue damage in virus human diseases. The objectives of the present opinion were to; I - make a show case analysis for the immune activities of neutrophil compartment both in children and adults with coviod-19 illness and ii - to deduce the possible existence of immune deviation mechanisms in this disease .The absolute numbers of circulating neutrophils in childhood and adulthood patients with sars-cov-2 infection were correlated with the infection severity .It was apparent that there was inhibition of T cell mediated immune responses with an elevated sars-cov-2 anti-spike antibodies in continuum with activated immature neutrophil phenotypes that might be induced by the virus antigens and can either preserve or damage the affected tissue. The antibody may directly inhibit T cells or activate neutrophil phenotype to inhibit T cell responses. The features of this immune deviation are; i – Conditional, ii – reversible, iii – associated with active functional state, iv – the virus antigen induced chemokine that orchestrate neutrophil and induce hyper-cytokinemia, v – acquisition of molecular surface markers variation and appearance of inhibitory markers, vi – the neutrophil/lymphocyte ration dis-proportionated, vii – activation consequences leaves tissue pathology at most, and viii – The inflammatory circuit stages may serve drug target identification and development. Thus the opinion suggest that the absolute number of circulating neutrophils is correlated with disease severity and the existence of neutrophil immune deviation in covid-19 human disease.

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“…This work suggests that an interconnected cytokine/chemokine profile that hyper stimulates and systemically attracts adaptive and innate immune cells, culmi-nating in the hyperactivation of neutrophils. Altogether, these data indicate that both numeric and dysfunctional changes of neutrophils [125,126] are involved in COVID-19 outcomes, i.e., high levels of circulating activated neutrophils [125,127]. Thus, our work suggests common molecular pathways between severe COVID-19 and other acute inflammatory states that can be exploited for therapeutic intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Severe COVID-19 shares a common neutrophil activation signature with other acute inflammatory states

Schimke

Marques

Baiocchi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Clinical and hyperinflammatory overlap between COVID-19 and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) has been reported. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here we show that COVID-19 and HLH have an overlap of signaling pathways and gene signatures commonly dysregulated, which were defined by investigating the transcriptomes of 1253 subjects (controls, COVID-19, and HLH patients) using microarray, bulk RNA-sequencing (RNAseq), and single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq). COVID-19 and HLH share pathways involved in cytokine and chemokine signaling as well as neutrophil-mediated immune responses that associate with COVID-19 severity. These genes are dysregulated at protein level across several COVID-19 studies and form an interconnected network with differentially expressed plasma proteins which converge to neutrophil hyperactivation in COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care unit. scRNAseq analysis indicated that these genes are specifically upregulated across different leukocyte populations, including lymphocyte subsets and immature neutrophils. Artificial intelligence modeling confirmed the strong association of these genes with COVID-19 severity. Thus, our work indicates putative therapeutic pathways for intervention.

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Blood Neutrophils from Children with COVID-19 Exhibit Both Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Markers

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Maternal-fetal immune responses in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2

Maternal-fetal immune responses in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2

The Immune Features of Neutrophil and Neutrophil Immune Deviation Induced by Human SARS-COV-2 Infections

Severe COVID-19 shares a common neutrophil activation signature with other acute inflammatory states

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