Blood lead at currently acceptable levels may cause preterm labour

Vigeh, Mohsen; Yokoyama, Kazuhito; Seyedaghamiri, Zahrabigom; Shinohara, Atsuko; Matsukawa, Tetsuya; Chiba, Momoko; Yunesian, Masud

doi:10.1136/oem.2009.050419

Cited by 77 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In a cohort study of women in Mexico City, first and second trimester blood lead (mean levels of 7.3 g/dL and 6.3 g/dL, respectively) was associated with decreased gestational age although the method of estimating gestational age was described as being imprecise [18]. A significant negative correlation was also found between first trimester blood lead and gestational age in a cohort of women from Iran with an average blood lead of approximately 4 g/dL [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adverse birth outcomes, including pre-term delivery and lower birth weight, have also been associated with exposure to lead in utero [15][16][17][18][19]. Knowledge of lead's effects on birth outcomes is based on populations with moderate to high levels where study cohorts typically include either women in developing countries where current exposure to environmental lead is much greater than in the U.S. or lower income women living in the inner-city of the U.S., a demographic with higher average blood lead due to the well-established disparity in exposure during childhood [2,10,17,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in low levels of lead over the course of pregnancy and the association with birth outcomes

Rabito

Kocak

Werthmann

et al. 2014

Reproductive Toxicology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in low levels of lead over the course of pregnancy and the association with birth outcomes

Rabito

Kocak

Werthmann

et al. 2014

Reproductive Toxicology

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“…There is evidence to suggest that currently accepted levels for some metals are still not "safe" levels. Even at the currently accepted blood lead levels of 10 μg/dL, it is causative of preterm labor and adverse pregnancy outcome [261]. Therefore, there is a need to reevaluate the accepted blood concentrations of metals in light of the newer evidence as it appears.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal toxicity at the synapse: presynaptic, postsynaptic and long-term effects

Ghazala

Sadiq

Chowdhury

et al. 2010

Qatar Foundation Annual Research Forum Proceedings

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Metal neurotoxicity is a global health concern. This paper summarizes the evidence for metal interactions with synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity. Presynaptically metal ions modulate neurotransmitter release through their interaction with synaptic vesicles, ion channels, and the metabolism of neurotransmitters (NT). Many metals (e.g., Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , and Hg + ) also interact with intracellular signaling pathways. Postsynaptically, processes associated with the binding of NT to their receptors, activation of channels, and degradation of NT are altered by metals. Zn 2+ , Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , Cd 2+ , Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , Li 3+ , Hg + , and methylmercury modulate NMDA, AMPA/kainate, and/or GABA receptors activity. Al 3+ , Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , and As 2 O 3 also impair synaptic plasticity by targeting molecules such as CaM, PKC, and NOS as well as the transcription machinery involved in the maintenance of synaptic plasticity. The multiple effects of metals might occur simultaneously and are based on the specific metal species, metal concentrations, and the types of neurons involved.

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“…Blood metals at the first trimester of pregnancy showed more significant correlations with pregnancy outcome than subsequent ones. Preterm birth: delivery after 20 and before 37 weeks of gestation 3) ; preterm rupture of the membrane (PROM) : rupture of the amniotic sac more than one hour before the onset of labor 4) ; and pregnancy hypertension: systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure > 140/90 mmHg after 20 weeks of gestation 5) , were significantly more common in subjects with a higher level of lead or manganese. Figure-1 shows a significant correlation between gestational age at the time of delivery and blood lead concentration in the first trimester of pregnancy.…”

Section: Metal and Pregnancy Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Lead and Other Metals on Pregnancy Outcomes

Vigeh

2014

Juntendo Medical Journal

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Societyʼs industrialization and constant need for new products and components have increased the number and concentration of toxic substances that women are exposed to in their environment and workplaces. For decades, metal toxicity has remained a topic of concern for its effects on pregnant women. Although the level of exposure to many toxic metals has decreased sharply, research has revealed the impact of low-level metal exposure on different aspects of pregnancy. Lead is one of the toxic metals for which the effects on the human reproductive system have been intensively studied. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have recommended a blood lead level of < 5.0 mg/dl as a screening action guideline in pregnant women. However, many studies have shown the adverse effects of lead on several human reproductive outcomes, such as low birth weight, preterm rupture of the membrane, and pregnancy hypertension, even at the ʻacceptableʼ level of blood lead. This supports a reappraisal of the ʻsafeʼ or ʻacceptableʼ level.We aimed to conduct a review of our several-year-long longitudinal study on prenatal metal exposure and pregnancy outcomes.Key words: lead, manganese, metal, women, pregnancy Pregnancy and metal exposurePregnancy is an important and unique period of a womanʼs life in which there is high sensitivity to toxic substances. Women can be exposed to metal direct in their workplaces, polluted environments, and/or exposed indirectly by relatives who bring contaminated work instruments or work-clothes home. In addition, there is a special route of exposure during pregnancy, endogenously, as many metals can mobilize from accumulated organs, such as bones, to the bloodstream several years after a woman underwent external exposure. Since the placenta only partially prevents metal diffusion 1) , metals can cross the fetal membrane and potentially harm fetuses as well. Since no level has been proven safe during pregnancy for many toxic metals 2) , scientistsʼ focus has shifted from high-dose toxicity and clinically symptomatic individuals to lowerdose exposures that may cause subclinical problems.In a longitudinal and multicenter study, originally consisting of 364 women at the first trimester of pregnancy (gestational age of 8-12 weeks), we collected and measured metal concentrations in maternal whole-blood samples, one for each trimester (3 samples), and umbilical cord blood samples at the time of delivery. The full follow-up was completed for 224 mothers until delivery. The survey participants were non-smokers with singleton pregnancies, who were free from chronic conditions. Metal and pregnancy outcomesSo far, in three separate studies based on the cohort study data, we have showed adverse pregnancy outcomes induced by blood metals at relatively low levels. Blood metals at the first trimester of pregnancy showed more significant 458 Lecture Notes

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Blood lead at currently acceptable levels may cause preterm labour

Abstract: Adverse pregnancy outcomes may occur at blood lead concentrations below the current acceptable level.

Cited by 77 publications

References 38 publications

Changes in low levels of lead over the course of pregnancy and the association with birth outcomes

Changes in low levels of lead over the course of pregnancy and the association with birth outcomes

Metal toxicity at the synapse: presynaptic, postsynaptic and long-term effects

Effects of Lead and Other Metals on Pregnancy Outcomes

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