Blood isoprene concentrations in humans and in some animal species

Cailleux, A.; Cogny, Marc; Allain, Pierre

doi:10.1016/0885-4505(92)90019-u

Cited by 47 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The isoprene concentration appears to be far higher in human than in animal blood [5]. Because of its low boiling point and negligible water solubility, the isoprene excretion is prominent in human exhaled breath and follows a circadian, sleep-determined pattern, with levels being highest at 06.00 h and lowest at 18.00 h [6, 7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onset, Time Course, and Persistence of Increased Haemodialysis-Induced Breath Isoprene Emission

Trovarelli¹,

Brunori²,

Medio³

et al. 2001

Nephron

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Recent findings of increased isoprene emission in the exhaled breath of patients undergoing haemodialysis and experimental evidence of the potential toxic and cancerogenic effects of isoprene hydrocarbon led us to assess how long haemodialysis patients are exposed to how much isoprene after a single haemodialysis session. Patients with end-stage renal failure on regular 4-hour (from 08.00 to 12.00 h) maintenance haemodialysis three times weekly were monitored. The breath isoprene content was analyzed by gas chromatography. Intrapatient evaluations were performed by collecting samples before, during, and immediately after the haemodialysis session, during the following hours, and on the following nondialysis day. The breath isoprene content increased in all patients. Isoprene overproduction showing a biphasic pattern was first detected soon after the dialysis session ended. These data show that haemodialyzed patients seem to be consistently exposed to high endogenous isoprene concentrations. The mechanisms and implications of this endogenous isoprene overproduction need to be elucidated with regard to the mevalonic pathway and in the physiopathological setting of the uraemia-dialysis syndrome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onset, Time Course, and Persistence of Increased Haemodialysis-Induced Breath Isoprene Emission

Trovarelli¹,

Brunori²,

Medio³

et al. 2001

Nephron

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“…Im Einklang mit dieser Hypothese steht der Befund, dass es nach einer sechswöchigen, cholesterinreichen Diät bei 8 männlichen Probanden zu einem parallelen Abfall der Cholesterinsynthese und des exhalierten Isoprens kam (Stone et al 1993). Mittels Gaschromatographie und Flammenionisationsdetektion (GC/FID) ermittelten Cailleux et al (1992) im Blut von 10 Freiwilligen beiderlei Geschlechts Isoprenkonzentrationen von 37 ± 25 nmol/l (Mittelwert ± Standardabweichung; Bereich: 15 -70 nmol/l). In einer jüngeren Untersuchung wurden bei 33 mechanisch ventilierten Patienten mittels Gaschromatographie und massenselektiver Detektion (GC/MS) mittlere Isoprenkonzentrationen von 10,29 ± 6,17 nmol/l (Median: 9,08 nmol/l; Bereich: 0,52 -24,5 nmol/l) im venösen und von 6,68 ± 4,71 nmol/l (Median: 5,73 nmol/l; Bereich: 0 -18,8 nmol/l) im arteriellen Blut gemessen (Miekisch et al 2001).…”

Section: Endogene Bildung Beim Menschenunclassified

“…Im Blut von Ratten, Kaninchen, Ponys, Hunden, Kühen und Schafen wurden jedoch sehr geringe Isoprenkonzentrationen (< 1 nmol/l) mittels Gaschromatographie mit massenselektiver Detektion nachgewiesen. Sie betrugen weniger als ein Dreißigstel der Konzentrationen, die im Blut Freiwilliger gemessen wurden (Cailleux et al 1992). Bei mechanisch ventilierten Schweinen wurde für endogenes Isopren ein Bereich von 0,2 bis 1,3 nmol/l im venösen und von 0 bis 0,8 nmol/l im arteriellen Blut angegeben; die Isoprenkonzentrationen im venösen Blut von Kaninchen lagen zwischen 0,3 und 0,7 nmol/l (Nachweisgrenze: 0,05 nmol/l; Miekisch et al 2001).…”

Section: Endogene Bildung Beim Menschenunclassified

Isopren (2‐Methyl‐1,3‐butadien) [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2009]

2012

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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Veröffentlicht in der Reihe Gesundheitsschädliche Arbeitsstoffe , 46. Lieferung, Ausgabe 2009 Der Artikel enthält folgende Kapitel: Allgemeiner Wirkungscharakter Wirkungsmechanismus Toxikokinetik und Metabolismus Endogene Bildung von Isopren Aufnahme, Verteilung, Ausscheidung Metabolismus Hämoglobin‐Addukt‐Bildung Physiologisch‐toxikokinetische Modelle Ableitung eines MAK‐Werts für Isopren Erfahrungen beim Menschen Einmalige Exposition Wiederholte Exposition Wirkung auf Haut und Schleimhäute Allergene Wirkung Reproduktionstoxizität Genotoxizität Kanzerogenität Tierexperimentelle Befunde und In‐vitro‐Untersuchungen Akute Toxizität Subakute, subchronische und chronische Toxizität Wirkung auf Haut und Schleimhäute Allergene Wirkung Reproduktionstoxizität Genotoxizität Kanzerogenität Sonstige Wirkungen Bewertung

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“…Data on isoprene production in humans is limited and conflicting. The concentration of isoprene appears to be far greater in human than in animal blood [54]. Moreover, exhaled isoprene follows a circadian sleep-determined pattern, levels being highest at 06.00 h and lowest at 18.00 h [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Alkanes and Increased Concentrations of Isoprene in Exhaled Air during Hemodialysis

Capodicasa

Trovarelli²,

Medio³

et al. 1999

Nephron

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In this study we examined breath volatile hydrocarbon concentrations in exhaled air of hemodialysis patients. We assessed both C₂–C₅ alkanes – among them ethane and pentane the production of which in man is essentially due to the action free radicals exert on polyunsaturated fatty acids – and isoprene, an unsaturated hydrocarbon the biosynthesis and biological effects of which are the subject of controversy and mounting interest. Twenty patients were studied. Evaluation was performed intrapatient in the breath of patients with chronic renal failure, before and after dialysis (20 patients) and, in the same cases, during hemodialytic treatment (10 patients). Breath concentrations of these volatile hydrocarbons, determined before dialysis, were not different from those of normal subjects. Dialysis did not modify the levels of the C₂–C₅ saturated hydrocarbons ethane, propane, butane and pentane. Instead, there was a marked increase in isoprene in all patients (basal values rose by a mean of 270%). Since isoprene was not present in the fluids or filters used for dialysis and there were only traces in the ambient air, the isoprene must have been produced endogenously during hemodialysis. As no situation has previously been reported to increase endogenous production of isoprene in humans, patients in hemodialysis offer a unique opportunity to investigate in depth the medical, biological and toxicological aspects of isoprene.

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Blood isoprene concentrations in humans and in some animal species

Cited by 47 publications

References 13 publications

Onset, Time Course, and Persistence of Increased Haemodialysis-Induced Breath Isoprene Emission

Onset, Time Course, and Persistence of Increased Haemodialysis-Induced Breath Isoprene Emission

Isopren (2‐Methyl‐1,3‐butadien) [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2009]

Volatile Alkanes and Increased Concentrations of Isoprene in Exhaled Air during Hemodialysis

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