Blood glucose level monitoring by noninvasive method using near infra red sensor

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONMonitoring of glucose level of blood is important to avoid complications of diabetic and damage to organs. Since invasive method of glucose level measurement is painful and causes damage to nerves, non-invasive method is used as an alternative. Shinde and Prasad [1] described a noninvasive glucose monitoring method in which the NIR is sent through the fingertip and over-systolic pressure is applied to the finger to stop the flow of blood for a period of 30 seconds. The response of the optical signal thus obtained is studied by performing the FFT analysis using the spectrum analyzer. Chi Fuk So at.el [2] reviewed recent advances in noninvasive glucose monitoring and concluded that optical method is one of the painless and promising methods that can be used for noninvasive blood glucose measurement. Jyoti Yadav [3] used NIR LED of 940nm wavelength to analyze the glucose concentration by conducting experiment on the human forearm. The noninvasive blood glucometer design containing two LEDs of the same wavelength with one acting as photo emitter and the other as the photodetector is proposed in [4]. In [5] a total of 8 LED pairs were tested for sensitivity to different glucose concentration and it is reported that among all the LED pairs tested, the most effective pair was NIR LED with the wavelength of 1450 nm. Three different probes (arm, finger, ear lobe) were designed to measure blood glucose using 940 nm NIR LED. Parag et.al [6] placed emitter and detector on the same side of the finger to detect the reflected signals properly, hence a phase shift of 180˚ occurs between transmitted and reflected signals. This paper presents a design and development of noninvasive blood glucose measurement sensor system which consists of NIR light source of 940 nm wavelength. By measuring the intensity of the light received after passing through the finger, blood glucose level can be calculated. An android application (app) is created to display and store the measured glucose value along with date and time in a text file which can be viewed at any time. The main aim of this work is to develop a simple, reliable, painless, cost effective and portable device for glucose measurement. The organization of the paper is as follows. In section II principle of blood glucose measurement has been discussed. Section III discusses the block diagram of proposed work and system design is detailed in section IV. An illustration is provided in section V and section VI concludes the paper.