Blood glucose, amino acid profiles and nutrient transporter gene expressions in the small intestine of low and normal birthweight piglets during the early suckling period

Thongsong, Boonrit; Wiyaporn, Massupha; Kalandakanond-Thongsong, Sarinee

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.02.006

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In the present study, the concentrations of most AA (Asp, Ser, Ala, Cys, and Arg were significantly different) in serum were highest at 7-d-old of suckling piglets, which was supported by previous researches reported by Yin et al. (2011) and Thongsong et al. (2019) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The absorption of AA mainly depends on their respective transporter systems on the membrane of the enterocyte ( Yin et al., 2014 ). SLC7A6 and SLC7A7 are the Na + -independent transporters for both cationic AA and neutral AA, such as Arg, Gln, and Lys ( Yang, 2011 ; Thongsong et al., 2019 ). SLC36A1 is classically described as the system IMINO mediated Na + -dependent transporter that can transport imino AA such as Pro ( Yang, 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum biochemical parameters and amino acids metabolism are altered in piglets by early-weaning and proline and putrescine supplementations

Wang

Xiao

et al. 2021

Animal Nutrition

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The study was to investigate the effect of early-weaning stress and proline (Pro) and putrescine (Put) supplementations on serum biochemical parameters and amino acids (AA) metabolism in suckling and post-weaning pigs. Blood and small intestinal mucosa were harvested from suckling piglets at 1, 7, 14, and 21 d of age and piglets on d 1, 3, 5, and 7 after weaning at 14 d of age, as well as from piglets received oral administration of Pro and Put from 1 to 14 d old. In suckling piglets, the serum glucose, albumin and total cholesterol levels were increased ( P < 0.05) with increasing age, whereas the serum globulin, urea nitrogen (BUN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were lowered ( P < 0.05). The concentrations of most serum AA and the AA transporters related gene expressions were highest in 7-d-old piglets ( P < 0.05), whereas the phosphorylation status of the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in the small intestine increased in piglets from 1 to 21 d old ( P < 0.05). Weaning at 14 d old increased ( P < 0.05) the BUN and triglycerides levels in serum, as well as jejunal solute carrier family 7 member 6 ( SLC7A6 ), ileal SLC36A1 and SLC1A1 mRNA abundances at d 1 or 3 post-weaning. Weaning also inhibited ( P < 0.05) the phosphorylation levels of mTOR and its downstream ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and 4E-binding protein-1 (4EBP1) in the small intestine of weanling pigs. Oral administration of Put and Pro decreased ( P < 0.05) serum ALP levels and increased ( P < 0.05) intestinal SLC36A1 and SLC1A1 mRNA abundances and mTOR pathway phosphorylation levels in post-weaning pigs. Pro but not Put treatment enhanced ( P < 0.05) serum Pro, arginine (Arg) and glutamine (Gln) concentrations of weaning-pigs. These findings indicated that early-weaning dramatically altered the biochemical blood metabolites, AA profile and intestinal mTOR pathway activity, and Pro and Put supplementations improved the AA metabolism and transportation as well as activated the intestinal mTOR pathway in weanling-pigs. Our study has an important implication for the broad application of Pro and Put in the weaning transition of piglets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum biochemical parameters and amino acids metabolism are altered in piglets by early-weaning and proline and putrescine supplementations

Wang

Xiao

et al. 2021

Animal Nutrition

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“…Similarly, small intestinal villus height, width and depth did not differ according to BiW (Huygelen et al, 2015). Additionally, Thongsong et al (2019) [ 82 ], utilizing the same experimental piglets as Wiyaporn et al (2013), did not find an effect of BiW on mRNA abundance of jejunal glucose, peptide and AA transporters including SLC7A8, which we determined in the present study. In the present study we did not determine jejunal parameters in newborn un-suckled piglets, thus it is not known whether the jejunal parameters measured differed at birth in our piglets.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Effects of oral glutamine supplementation on jejunal morphology, development, and amino acid profiles in male low birth weight suckling piglets

et al. 2022

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Background It has been shown that small intestine development in low birth weight (LBW) piglets is impaired. Glutamine (Gln) has been reported to improve piglet health and intestinal function in weaned piglets, but data is scarce in suckling piglets. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of oral Gln supplementation compared to Alanine (Ala) on jejunal development and function in 5 and 12 d old male LBW and normal birth weight (NBW) suckling piglets. Results Gln had no effect on the jejunal morphology, development, tissue and digesta amino acid profiles and mRNA abundance of genes involved in amino acid transport, metabolism, glutathione synthesis in LBW piglets when compared to Ala supplementation and birth weight controls at 5 and 12 d. Only the concentration of Gln in jejunal tissue was higher in NBW piglets supplemented with Gln compared to Ala at 5 d (P < 0.05). A comparison of the birth weight groups showed no differences between LBW and NBW piglets at 5 and 12 d in any parameter. Jejunal crypt depth, villus height / width, tunica muscularis thickness, number of goblet and IgA positive cells, the ratio of jejunal RNA to DNA and the concentration of DNA, protein and RNA changed (P < 0.05) from 5 compared to 12 d. The concentrations of several free, and protein bound amino acids as well as amino metabolites differed between age groups in jejunal tissue but the digesta concentrations were affected to a lesser extent. Conclusions Oral Gln supplementation to suckling male piglets over the first 12 d of life was not associated with changes in jejunal parameters measured in this study. The absence of effects may indicate that Gln is absorbed as well as metabolized in the upper intestinal tract and thus could benefit intestinal development at a more proximal location.

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“…Peptide transporter 1 (PepT1, di- and tripeptides transporter; [ 38 ]) has been reported that PepT1 is highly expressed in LBW pigs [ 39 ]. However, there is great variability in expression across the different segments of the intestine [ 40 , 41 ], which may explain discrepancies among studies. In the present study, expression of PepT1 was downregulated in LBW compared to NBW pigs at 28 d and showed no effects at 56.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth Weight and Nutrient Restriction Affect Jejunal Enzyme Activity and Gene Markers for Nutrient Transport and Intestinal Function in Piglets

Wellington

Rodrigues

et al. 2021

Animals

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Significant variation in the birth weight of piglets has arisen due to increased sow prolificacy. Intestinal development and function may be affected by birth weight. Low birth weight (LBW) pigs may also have reduced feed intake, leading to further impairment of intestinal development. The objective of this study was to examine the intestinal development pattern of LBW and normal birth weight (NBW) piglets with normal nutrition (NN) or restricted nutrition (RN) in the pre-weaning period. Jejunal intestinal samples were analyzed for target gene expression and enzyme activity at d 28 (weaning) and d 56 (post-weaning). At d 28, excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAC1) and sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter (B0AT1) were downregulated in LBW compared to NBW pigs (p < 0.05). On d 56, B0AT1 and ASCT2 (glutamine transporter) were downregulated in RN compared to NN pigs (p < 0.05), regardless of birth weight. Peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) expression was downregulated in LBW compared to NBW pigs at 28 d (p < 0.05), with no effects of treatments at 56 d. Sodium-glucose transporter-1 (SGLT1) was upregulated in NBW-NN compared to LBW-NN pigs (p < 0.05) at 28 d. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was upregulated in LBW-RN at d 28. At d 56, claudin-3 (CLDN-3) and Zonular occludin-1 (ZO-1) were upregulated in NN compared to RN pigs (p < 0.05). There were no treatment effects on ALP, maltase, or sucrase activity at 28 d. However, at 56 d, ALP was upregulated in NBW-NN pigs while sucrase activity was upregulated in NN pigs (p < 0.05). The results demonstrate differences in jejunal gene expression associated with birth weight, with reduced gene expression of amino acid transporters (PepT1, EAAC1, B0AT1) in LBW compared to NBW pigs (p < 0.05). While neonatal nutrient restriction had minimal effects at 28 d and d 56 for tight junction protein transcript abundance, neutral amino acid transporter abundance was upregulated in NN pigs compared to RN piglets (p < 0.05).

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Blood glucose, amino acid profiles and nutrient transporter gene expressions in the small intestine of low and normal birthweight piglets during the early suckling period

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Serum biochemical parameters and amino acids metabolism are altered in piglets by early-weaning and proline and putrescine supplementations

Serum biochemical parameters and amino acids metabolism are altered in piglets by early-weaning and proline and putrescine supplementations

Effects of oral glutamine supplementation on jejunal morphology, development, and amino acid profiles in male low birth weight suckling piglets

Birth Weight and Nutrient Restriction Affect Jejunal Enzyme Activity and Gene Markers for Nutrient Transport and Intestinal Function in Piglets

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