Blood gas analysis in pigs submitted to different concentrations of nitrous oxide or oxygen, under different ventilatory modalities

Biteli, E.G.F.; Nunes, Newton; Lopes, P.C.F.; Silva, P.E.S.; Ido, Cléber Kazuo; Silva, H.R.A.; Horr, M.; Carneiro, Rodrigo Lima; Bompadre, Thiago Francisco Ventoso

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-10210

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The WD group showed lower values than WS but within the normal range for all time points. The pCO2 showed high values that are comparable with values reported by others (32,33). The value of cHCO3 − remains at a high level, a trend of changes similar to pCO2.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Automatic Air Volume Control System for Ventilation of Two Patients Using a Single Ventilator: A Large Animal Model Study

Zieliński

Lisowska

Siewruk

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak led to a global ventilator shortage. Hence, different strategies to use a single ventilator to support multiple patients are considered. A mechatronic system Ventil divides and automatically controls gas volume pumped through two channels and was successfully validated in independent lung ventilation. We used Ventil in a series of experiments on a large animal model to verify its usability for ventilation in two patients using a single ventilator. The results of investigations on 12 pigs showed that the physiological level of respiratory parameters was maintained for 24 hours. Application of Ventil did not lead to injuries in the lungs, as indicated by CT scan analysis. We conclude that ventilation using Ventil can be considered safe in patients subjected to deep sedation without spontaneous breathing efforts.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The results of pO2 were high in both groups. Our results in the WS group are comparable with the results reported by Bitelia et al for the group of pigs ventilated with oxygen and compressed air FiO2 0.5/air (32). The WD group showed lower values than WS but within the normal range for all time points.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Automatic Air Volume Control System for Ventilation of Two Patients Using a Single Ventilator: A Large Animal Model Study

Zieliński

Lisowska

Siewruk

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to this, the supplemental oxygen flow was deliberately very conservative considering the size of the immobilized animals (47) due to the mild grade of the hypoxemia encountered. A more pronounced increase of PaO 2 (∼172 mmHg) is reported in anesthetized pigs in spontaneous ventilation with a FiO 2 of 0.5 and an intratracheal oxygen flow of 30-50 ml/kg/min (42). Being the oxygen flow not intratracheal and only about 5-20 ml/kg/min in this study, it might have not produced a clinically significant increase in P A O 2 .…”

Section: Arterial Blood Gas Analysiscontrasting

confidence: 45%

“…Simple acute respiratory acidosis occurred in all three groups in the current study. This is the most common acid-base disorder during anesthesia in spontaneous ventilation ( 42 ), with hypercapnia and hypoxemia, usually due to hypoventilation caused by a decrease in respiratory rate and/or tidal volume. This disorder has been reported for all three protocols when used in domestic pigs ( 4 , 34 ), and it was especially prevalent in boars anesthetized with MKB in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Three Medetomidine-Based Anesthetic Protocols in Free-Ranging Wild Boars (Sus scrofa)

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three medetomidine-based drug protocols were compared by evaluating time courses, reliability and physiological effects in wild boars. A total of 21 cage-trapped wild boars (Sus scrofa) were immobilized using one of the following drug combinations; MTZ: medetomidine (0.2 mg/kg) + tiletamine-zolazepam (2.0 mg/kg), MK: medetomidine (0.15 mg/kg) + ketamine (5 mg/kg), and MKB: medetomidine (0.1 mg/kg) + ketamine (5.0 mg/kg) + butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg). Induction time, recovery time, and physiological variables were recorded and arterial blood gas analysis measured twice, before and after 15 min of oxygen supplementation (0.5–1.0 L/min). For reversal, 4 mg of atipamezole per mg of medetomidine was administered intramuscularly. The boars recovered in the cage and were released once ataxia resolved. The MK group had significantly longer recovery times (mean 164 min ± 79 SD) compared to the other groups. MKB elicited longer and incomplete induction compared to the other groups (mean induction time 20 min ± 10 SD), decreasing the efficiency of the capture and increasing the risk of hyperthermia. Both ketamine-based protocols required additional ketamine intramuscularly to prolong the anesthesia after 20–40 min from induction. Agreement between the pulse oximeter and the blood gas analyzer was low, with the pulse oximeter underestimating the real values of arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation, particularly at higher readings. Mild acute respiratory acidosis (PaCO2 45–60 mmHg) and mild to moderate hypoxemia (PaO2 69–80 mmHg) occurred in most boars, regardless of the treatment group but especially in the MKB group. The acid-base status improved and hypoxemia resolved in all boars during oxygen supplementation, with the PaO2 rising above the physiological reference range (81.6–107.7 mmHg) in many individuals. MK and MKB induced safe and reliable immobilization of wild boars for at least 20 min. Supplemental oxygen delivery is recommended in order to prevent hypoxemia in wild boars immobilized with the protocols used in the present study. Long and ataxic recoveries occurred in most animals, regardless of the protocol, but especially in the MKB group.

show abstract

“…This event was re ected immediately in the decrease of HCO 3 and increase of pH values. Although pH values in humans are around 7.4, normal values in swine are between 7.45 -7.55 [17]. Therefore, the second outcome achieved by Masi mechanical ventilator is the proper control of acid-base equilibrium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological evaluation of a mechanical ventilator that operates by controlling an automated manual resuscitator. A descriptive study in swine

Carazas

Gavidia

Fernández

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The Covid-19 outbreak challenged health systems around the world to design and implement cost-effective devices to complement mechanical ventilators that can be produced locally. Masi works as a mechanical ventilator to bring life-support by automating a resucitation bag to closely control ventilatory parameters. Methods This pre-clinical trial was designed to study the physiological responses of healthy swine maintained under volume- or pressure-controlled mechanical ventilation. Thus, physiological parameters were measured in eight sedated animals (t0), prior to inducing deep anesthesia, as well as during the next six hours of mechanical ventilation with Masi (t1-7). Hemodynamic conditions were monitored periodically using a gas analyzer machine (i.e. BEecf, HCO3, SaO2, lactate, pH, PaO2, PaCO2) and a capnometer (i.e. ETCO2). Electrocardiogram, echocardiography and lung ultrasonography were performed to detect in vivo alterations in these vital organs and pathological findings from necropsy are reported. Results The mechanical ventilator properly controlled physiological levels of blood biochemistry such as oxygenation parameters (PaO2, PaCO2, SaO2, ETCO2), acid-base equilibrium (pH, HCO3−, BEecf), and perfusion of tissues (lactate levels). In addition, histopathological analysis showed no evidence of acute tissue damage in lung, heart, liver, kidney, or brain. Moreover, all animals were able to breathe spontaneously after undergoing mechanical ventilation controlled by Masi device. The results demonstrate that Masi mechanical ventilator allows the regulation of body gas exchange and maintain the physiological parameters in the normal range for swine. Conclusions These preclinical data, added to the appropriate performance of Masi in engineering laboratory tests, support the biological safety of the medical device to move forward to further evaluation in clinical studies.

show abstract

Blood gas analysis in pigs submitted to different concentrations of nitrous oxide or oxygen, under different ventilatory modalities

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Automatic Air Volume Control System for Ventilation of Two Patients Using a Single Ventilator: A Large Animal Model Study

Automatic Air Volume Control System for Ventilation of Two Patients Using a Single Ventilator: A Large Animal Model Study

Evaluation of Three Medetomidine-Based Anesthetic Protocols in Free-Ranging Wild Boars (Sus scrofa)

Biological evaluation of a mechanical ventilator that operates by controlling an automated manual resuscitator. A descriptive study in swine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About