Blood Flow Velocities in the Vertebral Veins of Healthy Subjects: A Duplex Sonographic Study

Hoffmann, Olaf; Weih, Markus; T, von Münster; Schreiber, Stephan J.; Km, Einhäupl; Jm, Valdueza

doi:10.1111/jon199994198

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Ultrasound assessment of VBVF. In the midcervical region, IJVs and VVs are easily accessible by duplex ultrasound (11,13,14,23). The presented VBVF measurements are in good agreement with previously obtained ultrasound data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrajugular pathways of human cerebral venous blood drainage assessed by duplex ultrasound

Schreiber¹,

Lürtzing²,

Götze³

et al. 2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrajugular pathways of human cerebral venous blood drainage assessed by duplex ultrasound

Schreiber¹,

Lürtzing²,

Götze³

et al. 2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…The BFV is often low in the VVs and also decreases with age, leading to a lower detection rate in the elderly. 48 With respect to the IJVs, a wide vessel lumen and/or a state of exsiccation (leading to low central venous pressure) may reduce the BFV immensely and render detection of the vessel in the duplex mode impossible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No cerebrocervical venous congestion in patients with multiple sclerosis

Doepp

Paul

Valdueza

et al. 2010

Annals of Neurology

252

272

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Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by demyelination centered around cerebral veins. Recent studies suggested this topographic pattern may be caused by venous congestion, a condition termed chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI). Published sonographic criteria of CCSVI include reflux in the deep cerebral veins and/or the internal jugular and vertebral veins (IJVs and VVs), stenosis of the IJVs, missing flow in IJVs and VVs, and inverse postural response of the cerebral venous drainage. Methods:We performed an extended extra-and transcranial color-coded sonography study including analysis of extracranial venous blood volume flow (BVF), cross-sectional areas, IJV flow analysis during Valsalva maneuver (VM), and CCSVI criteria. Fifty-six MS patients and 20 controls were studied. Results: Except for 1 patient, blood flow direction in the IJVs and VVs was normal in all subjects. In none of the subjects was IJV stenosis detected. IJV and VV BVF in both groups was equal in the supine body position. The decrease of total jugular BVF on turning into the upright position was less pronounced in patients (173 6 235 vs 362 6 150ml/min, p < 0.001), leading to higher BVF in the latter position (318ml/min 6 242 vs 123 6 109ml/min; p < 0.001). No differences between groups were seen in intracranial veins and during VM. None of the subjects investigated in this study fulfilled >1 criterion for CCSVI. Interpretation: Our results challenge the hypothesis that cerebral venous congestion plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of MS. Future studies should elucidate the difference between patients and healthy subjects in BVF regulation. for example initiated through unmasking of (auto-)antigens following oligodendrocyte apoptosis, 10 has yet to be clarified. Based on findings using venous ultrasound and selective venography studies of cerebrospinal veins, an alternative hypothesis has recently emerged claiming to explain the association between cerebral veins and the distribution of demyelinating MS lesions as a result of chronically impaired venous drainage from the CNS.11,12 A subsequent study by the same group assessed the effect of endovascular angioplasty in patients with MS and what they coined chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI). 12The reported findings are remarkable in that (1) the observation of CCSVI seemed to perfectly match Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).

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“…So, at protrusion a disk irrespective of localization and expressiveness the velocity did not change and on the average for all levels made 12,36 ± 2,14 sm/sec (norm of 10-15 sm/sec) [4,18]. At presence of a compression nervous radicle, more often paramedian a hernia of a disk, in a zone of defeat he was asymmetrically reduced up to 5,04 ±1,66 sm/sec.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Methods of Radiological Diagnostics at the Primary Syndrome of the Low Back Pain

Tchernysheva¹

2014

IJMI

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Radiological, ultrasonic methods of research and magnetic resonance tomography help estimate changes of internal structures of a lumbar department of a backbone at primary syndrome of the low back pain and compare importance of these methods. Materials and methods: 100 patients have been included in research from chronic and 100 patients with sharp vertebral low back pain (LBP) and group of comparison (100 persons). All patients have passed clinically -tool examination: radiography, MRI and ultrasound of a lumbar department of a backbone. 76 patients were carried out МРТ. Ultrasound of a lumbar department of a backbone was appointed before treatment (in 3 weeks). Results: The surveyed patients according to ultrasound had changes of internal backbone structures most often as disk protrusion. The greatest quantity of protrusions was diagnosed in patients with chronic LBP that were asymptomatic. Sharp LBP was most often caused by a nervous radical compression with hernia. In a group of practically healthy persons the percent of diagnosed disk protrusions was small. A positive clinical change by the end of treatment in patients with sharp and chronic LBP was combined with the reduction of quantity and protrusion sizes. Restoration of epidural and paravertebral blood flow was a good prognostic criterion of treatment efficiency. Research has shown high importance of ultrasound of a lumbar department of a backbone that can act as a screening method of diagnostics of primary syndrome of low back pain at an out-patientpolyclinic stage. The received about 90 % concurrence with МРТ data testifies to comparability of results and expediency of wider introduction of ultrasound of a backbone in practice of public health service.

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Blood Flow Velocities in the Vertebral Veins of Healthy Subjects: A Duplex Sonographic Study

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

Extrajugular pathways of human cerebral venous blood drainage assessed by duplex ultrasound

Extrajugular pathways of human cerebral venous blood drainage assessed by duplex ultrasound

No cerebrocervical venous congestion in patients with multiple sclerosis

Modern Methods of Radiological Diagnostics at the Primary Syndrome of the Low Back Pain

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