Blood Distribution of the Organs Examined by &lt;sup&gt;86&lt;/sup&gt;Rb Uptake under Intrauterine Conditions and in the Newborn, in Normal and Hypoxic Rabbits

Boda, D; Belay, Mulugeta; Eck, Erna; Csernay, L.

doi:10.1159/000240348

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The relative stability of RBF associated with a slight decrease in mean blood pressure is in contrast with the studies of Boda et al [3] demonstrating a pronounced depression of renal perfusion in unanesthetized hypoxemic newborn rabbits. Comparison between our results and those reported by Boda et al [3] is however diffi cult, parameters such as P a0 2, PaC 02, blood pH and blood pressure not being monitored in the latter study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

The Newborn Rabbit: A Model for Studying Hypoxemia-Induced Renal Changes

Gouyon¹,

Vallotton²,

Guignard³

1987

Neonatology

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The newborn rabbit was used as an experimental model for studying renal changes during normocapnic hypoxemia. Renal extraction of p-aminohippuric acid (PAH), as assessed in 15 normoxemic and 8 hypoxemic rabbits amounted to 54.6 ± 3.7 and 45.7 ± 4.6%, respectively (NS). Changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and renal blood flow (RBF) as assessed by inulin and PAH clearances, respectively, were determined during norm oxemia and subsequent hypoxemia in 8 additional anesthetized and mechanically ventilated newborn rabbits. Normocapnic hypoxemia (PaO₂ = 38.6 ± 2.1 mm Hg) induced a significant fall in GFR from 2.10 ± 0.21 to 1.51 ± 0.18ml/kg/min (p < 0.01), in filtration fraction (p < 0.01) and U/P inulin ratio (p < 0.01). RBF, renal vascular resistance and urine flow rate did not change significantly. In comparison with other immature animal species the newborn rabbit appears a valuable and inexpensive model for the study of acute hypoxemia-induced renal changes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

The Newborn Rabbit: A Model for Studying Hypoxemia-Induced Renal Changes

Gouyon¹,

Vallotton²,

Guignard³

1987

Neonatology

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“…Boda et al [1971] reported values of the cardiac output frac tion in the kidney, intestines and skeletal muscle of newborn rabbits as com pared to fetal rabbits. Their values of renal and intestinal fractions in new born rabbits are markedly lower than similar values for adult rabbits as re ported in the literature -an observation which is consistent with our own re sults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal Development of the Cardiac Output Distribution in Rat

Rakusan¹,

H²

1973

Neonatology

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Distribution of the cardiac output was measured by 86Rb in newborn, 1-, 2- and 5-month-old nonanesthetized rats. Coronary and bronchial fractions were high in newborn animals and rapidly decreased to adult values. In contrast, the renal fraction was low in newborn rats and increased with the age of the animals. A moderate increase was also noticed in gastrointestinal fractions, while, the hepatic, splenic and skin fraction did not vary considerably. The carcass fractions remained remarkably constant in all age groups. To compare relative blood flow in animals of different body weights a new index was proposed: % Rb uptake/relative organ weight. Differences in the relative blood flow of various organs were smallest in newborn and increased with the age of the animals.

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“…The automatic anthrone (9) and the Bratton and Marshall (10) Thus RBF, RVR and FF were subsequently calculated assuming the same E PAH value (55%) for treated and untreated animals. Arterial POz was purposely maintained above 100 mm Hg in order to avoid any hypoxemia-induced change in renal hemodynamics (12). No physiological parameters varied significantly in groups A1 and A2 ( Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Effects of Theophylline and Caffeine in Newborn Rabbits

Gouyon

Guignard

1987

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT. Renal hemodynamics and functions were assessed in four groups of anaesthetized newborn rabbits receiving a single intravenous dose of methylxanthines, i.e.:aminophylline: 3 mg/kg (Al) or 6 mg/kg (A2); sodium benzoate caffeine: 5 mg/kg (Cl) or 10 mg/kg (C2). Each animal acted as its own control. The mean PAH extraction ratio was not modified by the methylxanthines. Renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate were determined by clearances of paraaminohippuric acid and inulin, respectively. No changes in renal hemodynamics or renal functions were observed in group Cl. In group C2, renal blood flow and filtration fraction did not vary significantly but renal vascular resistance showed a delayed increase. Systemic infusion of the two aminophylline regimens induced a delayed increase in renal vascular resistance with a concomitant fall in renal blood flow and an increase of filtration fraction in group A2. Glomerular filtration rate was either reduced (3 mg/kg aminophylline) or increased (6 mg/kg aminophylline and 10 mg/kg caffeine). Moreover, diuresis increased and tubular water reabsorption declined in groups Al, A2, and C2. High dose caffeine enhanced sodium fractional excretion. The acute renal effects of methylxanthines appeared dose-and time-related in immature animals and caffeine proved safer than aminophylline at doses used in human neonates. (Pediatr Res 21: 615-618,1987) Abbreviations V, urine flow rate GFR, glomerular filtration rate MBP, mean blood pressure RBF, renal blood flow RVR, renal vascular resistance FF, filtration fraction FENa, sodium fractional excretion PAH, para-aminohippuric acid Hct, hematocrit E PAH, renal PAH extraction ratio U/P.inulin, urine to plasma inulin ratio MX, methylxanthine PG, prostaglandinThe xanthine derivatives theophylline and caffeine are widely used and equally effective to control idiopathic apnea in pre-

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Blood Distribution of the Organs Examined by <sup>86</sup>Rb Uptake under Intrauterine Conditions and in the Newborn, in Normal and Hypoxic Rabbits

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

The Newborn Rabbit: A Model for Studying Hypoxemia-Induced Renal Changes

The Newborn Rabbit: A Model for Studying Hypoxemia-Induced Renal Changes

Postnatal Development of the Cardiac Output Distribution in Rat

Renal Effects of Theophylline and Caffeine in Newborn Rabbits

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