Blood Compatibility of Multilayered Polyelectrolyte Films Containing Immobilized Gold Nanoparticles

Abstract

Surface material functionalization including layer‐by‐layer (LbL) polyelectrolyte films with incorporated nanoparticles is a growing field with a wide range of biomedical applications: drug reservoirs, medical devices, or tissue engineering. In parallel, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be grafted by drugs and sensitive molecules using simple protocols. This study shows that AuNP behavior is modified when they are entrapped into three partner LbL films in comparison to the colloidal solution. A polycationic (polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH)) and a polyanionic (polyacrylic acid (PAA)) polymer is used to build films based on three cycles ((PAH/AuNP/PAA)3). To investigate the interaction with biomolecules and cells, three different films are developed changing the outer layer (either PAH or AuNP or PAA) with the same number of AuNP deposit. The best biocompatibility is observed with a polyacrylic acid outer layer. Due to the high capacity of drug grafting on gold nanoparticles, the results seem promising for the development of nanostructured biomedical devices.

Multifunctional hybrid nanoplatform based on Fe3O4@Ag NPs for nitric oxide delivery: development, characterization, therapeutic efficacy, and hemocompatibility

“…When distributed in blood circulation, NPs may also interact with other components that could lead to the destruction of red blood cells, resulting in serious pathologic conditions such as thrombotic disorders, caused by the hemostatic dysregulation, anemia, or renal failure [ 58 ]. Therefore, the NPs interaction with plasma proteins and hemolysis of whole blood comprehends a fundamental preclinical evaluation of the NPs’ biocompatibility [ 59 ]. In this sense, the hemolytic toxicity of Fe 3 O 4 NPs, Fe 3 O 4 @Ag NPs, Fe 3 O 4 @Ag/TCS NPs, and Fe 3 O 4 @Ag/CS-NO NPs and the influence of each layer added to the Fe 3 O 4 NPs in the % of hemolysis of whole blood was investigated.…”

The Impact of Multiple Functional Layers in the Structure of Magnetic Nanoparticles and Their Influence on Albumin Interaction

“…The interaction of the NPs with albumin was spontaneous: ΔG values were negative. According to Ross and Subramanian [ 22 ], the positive values of the thermodynamic constants (ΔS and ΔH) for Fe 3 O 4 , Fe 3 O 4 @Ag, and Fe 3 O 4 @Ag/TCS NPs evidenced hydrophobic interactions with albumin [ 40 ]. The NP–protein association is frequently driven by weak interactions, and its mechanism enables the surface stabilization of each particle [ 41 ].…”

Increased Range of Catalytic Activities of Immobilized Compared to Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles

“…Oxidase-like activity (%) = (C 0 − C 1 )/C 0 × 100 (8) where C 0 is the concentration of the control at 5 h and C 1 is the concentration of the sample.…”

“…Although colloidal AuNPs aggregate as the function of the reaction environment (solvent, pH, ionic strength), aggregation is a usual problem when working with colloidal NPs. The NP immobilization on surfaces is a common and simple solution to overcome this limitation, allowing enhanced stability over a wide range of pH or ionic strength [8]. It is already known that AuNPs keep their antioxidant [9] and catalytic activities after immobilization [10].…”