Blood brain barrier permeable gold nanocluster for targeted brain imaging and therapy: an in vitro and in vivo study

Nair, Lakshmi V.; Nair, Resmi V.; Shenoy, Sachin J.; Thekkuveettil, Anoopkumar; Jayasree, Ramapurath S.

doi:10.1039/c7tb02247f

Cited by 50 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The emission yield of these materials can be enhanced for potential applications in imaging, sensing, diagnosis, and therapy, but remains to be explored to its full extent . However, other nanostructures have been widely used for these applications, either due to their unique properties or due to their chemically controlled architectonics . GNRs can efficiently convert absorbed light into heat either through electron–electron interactions or electron–phonon interactions and have been established for their photothermal therapy (PTT) efficacy .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent Gold Nanorods To Enhance the Near‐Infrared Emission of a Photosensitizer for Targeted Cancer Imaging and Dual Therapy: Experimental and Theoretical Approach

Nair

Govindachar

et al. 2020

Chemistry A European J

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Strong plasmon absorption in the near‐infrared (NIR) region renders gold nanorods (GNRs) amenable for biomedical applications, particularly for photothermal therapy. However, these nanostructures have not been explored for their imaging potential because of their weak emission profile. In this study, the weak fluorescence emission of GNRs is tuned to match that of the absorption of a photosensitizer (PS) molecule, and energy transfer from the GNR to PS enhances the emission profile of the GNR–PS combination. GNR complexes generally quench the fluorescence emission of nearby chromophores. However, herein, the complex retains or rather enhances the fluorescence through competition in energy transfer. Excitation‐dependent energy transfer has been explained experimentally and theoretically by using DFT calculations, the CIE chromaticity diagram, and power spectrum. The final GNR–PS complex modified for tumor specificity serves as an excellent organ‐specific theranostic probe for bioimaging and dual therapy both in vitro and in vivo. Principal component analysis designates photodynamic therapy a better candidate than that of photothermal therapy for long‐term efficacy in vivo.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent Gold Nanorods To Enhance the Near‐Infrared Emission of a Photosensitizer for Targeted Cancer Imaging and Dual Therapy: Experimental and Theoretical Approach

Nair

Govindachar

et al. 2020

Chemistry A European J

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“…Currently, there is no effective clinical treatment for this disease . Due to the limitation of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), medicine cannot be effectively sent to the expected diseased region . As previously reported, the efficiency of drug delivery to the brain has been shown to be reduced to less than 5% .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Cholera Toxin B Subunit‐Based Nanoparticles with MRI Capability for Drug Delivery to the Brain Following Intranasal Administration

Chen

Fan

et al. 2018

Macromolecular Bioscience

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative brain disorder that exhibits clear pathologic changes in the hippocampus. Traditional drug delivery systems are ineffective due to the existence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). In this study, an efficient, stable, and easily constructed nanosystem (CB‐Gd‐Cy5.5) based on the cholera toxin B subunit (CB) is designed to improve the efficiency of drug delivery to the brain, especially the hippocampus. Through intranasal administration, CB‐Gd‐Cy5.5 is easily delivered to the brain without intervention by the BBB. The CB in CB‐Gd‐Cy5.5 is used for specifically combining with the monosialoganglioside GM1, which is widely found in the hippocampus. This nanosystem exhibits impressive performance in accumulating in the hippocampus. In addition, the good magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) capability of CB‐Gd‐Cy5.5 can satisfy the monitoring of AD in the different stages.

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“…Therefore, CPDs have potential clinical application in early stage diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders, when the blood–brain barrier is not disrupted or loosened. 8 , 59 In addition, CPDs also have the promise to noninvasively target many malignant brain tumors with uncompromised BBB, such as glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma. 9 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive Brain Tumor Imaging Using Red Emissive Carbonized Polymer Dots across the Blood–Brain Barrier

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2018

ACS Omega

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Surgical resection is recognized as a mainstay in the therapy of malignant brain tumors. In clinical practice, however, surgeons face great challenges in identifying the tumor boundaries due to the infiltrating and heterogeneous nature of neoplastic tissues. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is extensively used for defining the brain tumor in clinic. Disappointingly, the commercially available (MR) contrast agents show the transient circulation lifetime and poor blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability, which seriously hamper their abilities in tumor visualization. In this work, red fluorescent carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) were systematically investigated with respect to their BBB-penetration ability. In summary, CPDs possess long excitation/emission wavelengths, low toxicity, high photostability, and excellent biocompatibility. CPDs exhibit high internalization in glioma cells in time- and dose-dependent procedures, and internalized CPDs locate mainly in endolysosomal structures. In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed the BBB permeability of CPDs, contributing to the early stage diagnosis of brain disorders and the noninvasive visualization of the brain tumor without compromised BBB. Furthermore, owing to the high tumor to normal tissue ratio of CPDs under ex vivo conditions, our nanoprobe holds the promise to guide brain-tumor resection by real-time fluorescence imaging during surgery.

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Blood brain barrier permeable gold nanocluster for targeted brain imaging and therapy: an in vitro and in vivo study

Abstract: l-Dopa conjugated fluorescent gold cluster to cross undisturbed blood brain barrier for early stage imaging and drug delivery.

Cited by 50 publications

References 46 publications

Luminescent Gold Nanorods To Enhance the Near‐Infrared Emission of a Photosensitizer for Targeted Cancer Imaging and Dual Therapy: Experimental and Theoretical Approach

Luminescent Gold Nanorods To Enhance the Near‐Infrared Emission of a Photosensitizer for Targeted Cancer Imaging and Dual Therapy: Experimental and Theoretical Approach

Efficient Cholera Toxin B Subunit‐Based Nanoparticles with MRI Capability for Drug Delivery to the Brain Following Intranasal Administration

Noninvasive Brain Tumor Imaging Using Red Emissive Carbonized Polymer Dots across the Blood–Brain Barrier

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