Blood-brain barrier from the point of view of anesthesiologist. Review. Part 1

Горбачев, В.И.; Bragina, N.V.

doi:10.21320/1818-474x-2020-3-35-45

Cited by 7 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The transcellular transport of biologically active substances via the blood-brain barrier (BBB) can be carried out in the following ways [ 59 , 60 ]: simple diffusion; facilitated diffusion; endocytosis via receptor-mediated transcytosis; and efflux transport. Efflux is the active removal of a substance from a cell through a protein pump embedded in the cell membrane.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Efflux is the active removal of a substance from a cell through a protein pump embedded in the cell membrane. Efflux transport is movement in the “brain-blood” direction [ 59 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Active transport proteins of APs efflux across the BBB from the ABC family are increasingly recognized as important determinants of APs’ distribution in the central nervous system (CNS) and their excretion [ 59 , 66 ]. The P-gp, as a transport protein, has shown itself to be a key element of the BBB in most people.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms as Biomarkers of Antipsychotic-Induced Akathisia: Systematic Review

Насырова

Vaiman

Repkina

et al. 2023

Genes

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Antipsychotic-induced akathisia (AIA) is a movement disorder characterized by a subjective feeling of inner restlessness or nervousness with an irresistible urge to move, resulting in repetitive movements of the limbs and torso, while taking antipsychotics (APs). In recent years, there have been some associative genetic studies of the predisposition to the development of AIA. Objective: The goal of our study was to review the results of associative genetic and genome-wide studies and to systematize and update the knowledge on the genetic predictors of AIA in patients with schizophrenia (Sch). Methods: We searched full-text publications in PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, Google Scholar, and e-Library databases from 1977 to 2022. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) quality scale was used for the critical selection of the studies. Results: We identified 37 articles, of which 3 were included in the review. Thus, the C allele of rs1800498 (59414 C>T) and the A allele of rs1800497 (17316 G>A) (TaqIA) from the DRD2 gene as well as the TT genotype rs13212041 (77461407 C>T) from the HTR1B gene were found to be associated with AIA. Conclusions: Uncovering the genetic biomarkers of AIA may provide a key to developing a strategy for the personalized prevention and treatment of this adverse neurological drug reaction of APs in patients with Sch in real clinical practice.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Efflux is the active removal of a substance from a cell through a protein pump embedded in the cell membrane. Efflux transport is movement in the “brain-blood” direction [ 59 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms as Biomarkers of Antipsychotic-Induced Akathisia: Systematic Review

Насырова

Vaiman

Repkina

et al. 2023

Genes

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“…На ФК и ФД антибиотиков могут оказывать влияние и ассоциированные с возрастом изменения нервной системы [17]. Нейротоксические свойства представителей бета-лактамных антибиотиков, например цефалоспоринов всех поколений, достаточно хорошо изучены, применение этих препаратов может вызвать судороги, энцефалопатию и периферическую нейропатию 9 .…”

Section: возрастные особенности фармакокинетикиunclassified

“…Наибольшее число сообщений о НР касается препарата I поколения цефазолина и препарата IV поколения цефепима [18,19]. При этом пожилой и старческий возраст, наряду с нарушениями функции почек и проницаемости гемато-энцефалического барьера, выделены как основные факторы риска, способствующие проявлению нейротоксичности [17,20]. Корреляция возрастания частоты развития нейротоксических эффектов с увеличением возраста пациентов, а также с наличием почечной недостаточности в анамнезе и повышением концентрации цефепима в сыворотке крови отмечена и другими авторами [16,21].…”

Section: возрастные особенности фармакокинетикиunclassified

Risk Factors and Characteristics of Adverse Reactions Associated with the Use of Beta-Lactam Antibiotics in Older Patients

Сокова

Архипов

Демидова

et al. 2021

Bezopasnost' i risk farmakoterapii

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The frequency of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in older patients is approximately 11.0%, according to scientific literature. Antibiotics are the third largest group (19.5%) of medicinal products in terms of ADR frequency in geriatric patients. Beta-lactam antibiotics are the empiric treatment of choice for older outpatients and inpatients with community-acquired pneumonia. The mortality in this group of patients accounts for 85% of the overall mortality from community-acquired pneumonia. The aim of the study was to analyse scientific data on risk factors and characteristics of adverse drug reactions associated with the use of beta-lactam antibiotics in older patients. Specificity of ADRs to beta-lactam antibiotics in this group of patients is due to age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics as well as polymorbidity and polypharmacy. The analysis of scientific literature demonstrated that there have not been so many pharmacoepidemiological studies in this group of patients, and their results have been inconsistent. The frequency, causes, and clinical manifestations of ADRs in geriatric patients are diverse and differ considerably from those in younger patients. Of the most widely used antibiotics, ceftriaxone and cefaclor exhibited a statistically lower risk of ADRs in older patients than in younger patients. At the same time, ceftriaxone was associated with a relatively higher frequency of serious ADRs in older patients as compared to younger patients, whereas the frequency of serious ADRs was lower with cefaclor. The likelihood of nephrotoxic, neurotoxic, and hepatotoxic ADRs associated with the use of beta-lactam antibiotics is becoming more and more obvious but it is still underestimated in clinical and geriatric practice. Safety monitoring, therapeutic drug monitoring with due consideration of ADR risk factors in older patients, and inclusion of older patients in clinical trials of antimicrobial drugs, would improve efficacy and safety of antibiotic treatment.

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Cystic transformation of the pineal gland (radiation anatomy and epiphysis cerebri structural variants): a prospective study

Shilova¹,

Ananyeva

Лукина³

2022

Lučevaâ diagn. ter.

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INTRODUCTION: Pineal cysts are a common finding on brain MRI, but their which remains unclear. A theory has been put forward that non-occlusive cysts can compress the deep cerebral veins, leading to intracranial hypertension.OBJECTIVE: Тo study the variant MRI appearance of the pineal gland.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 48 volunteers underwent an MRI examination using a 1.5 T Toshiba Exelart Vantage device to assess the presence of MRI signs of central venous hypertension, taking into account the morphological variants of the pineal gland structure, and a category was assigned based on the calculated tectum-splenium-cyst ratio and thalamic coefficient. The mean age of men was 41.27±4.63, of women — 31.5±2.58 years. The study participants were divided into three groups: the 1st group — no pineal cyst, the 2nd group — pineal cyst less than 10 mm, the 3rd group —a cyst larger than 10 mm.RESULTS: Based on the obtained tectum-splenium-cyst ratios and the ADC coefficient, it was found that in the volunteer group with cysts larger than 10 mm, 8 out of 15 people were at increased risk of developing central venous hypertension (categories 3 and 4). Category 4 patients had the narrowest aqueduct (1.1–1.2 mm). In the 2nd group, in persons with a pineal cyst less than 10 mm, there were no signs of aqueductal stenosis or tectal plate compression. In the 3rd group, in persons without a pineal cyst, there were also no signs of aqueductal stenosis or tectal plate compression, however, category 3 was assigned to 8 volunteers, which may be due to other causes of venous outflow impairment.CONCLUSION: A large pineal cysts occur in younger patients, and in the presence of aqueductal narrowing and an increased risk of venous hypertension may cause clinical manifestations such as headaches, dizziness, and sleep disturbances. When patients present with relevant complaints, categorization based on DWI and SSFP is an additional criterion that reflects the degree of impact of the pineal cyst on adjacent structures.

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Blood-brain barrier from the point of view of anesthesiologist. Review. Part 1

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms as Biomarkers of Antipsychotic-Induced Akathisia: Systematic Review

Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms as Biomarkers of Antipsychotic-Induced Akathisia: Systematic Review

Risk Factors and Characteristics of Adverse Reactions Associated with the Use of Beta-Lactam Antibiotics in Older Patients

Cystic transformation of the pineal gland (radiation anatomy and epiphysis cerebri structural variants): a prospective study

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