Blood and semen paraoxonase-arylesterase activities in normozoospermic and azoospermic men

Abstract

Paraoxonase and arylesterase enzymes are corner stones of antioxidant defence. We aimed to compare azoospermic infertile men and normozoospermic individuals with respect to total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), paraoxonase and arylesterase levels in the blood and seminal plasma. Two-hundred consecutive infertility patients and voluntarily participated were included. In the normozoospermic group, TAS, PON, arylesterase values were statistically significantly higher when compared with those in the azoospermic group, while lower TOS and OSI levels were observed in the blood and seminal plasma of azoospermic group. In the semen analyses of normozoospermic group, the correlation between semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility and morphology and TAS, TOS, OSI, PON and arylesterase values was examined. A negative correlation was determined between semen volume and OSI. Levels of serum oxidative parameters were higher in the azoospermic group relative to normozoospermic group, but antioxidant parameters were lower than those of the normozoospermic group. Oxidative stress performs an essential role in the aetiology of male infertility by negatively influencing sperm quality and function. Assessment of blood and seminal plasma oxidative profiles might be an important tool to better evaluation of sperm reproductive capacity and functional competence.

Oxidative stress and phenotype frequencies of paraoxonase‐1 in teratozoospermia

“…No article examining TAS and TOS levels in teratozoospermic cases was encountered as a result of the literature review. However, in azoospermic cases, TAS levels were low in the blood and TOS and OSI levels were higher (Gulum et al, ). Antioxidant enzymes expressed in the testis take a significant part in the normal testicular function.…”

Carnosine treatment during human semen processing by discontinuous density gradient

“…Oxidative stress is of great importance to male infertility, since it can be detected in up to 30%–80% of infertile men (Agarwal et al, ; Aitken & Fisher, ; Bisht et al, ). Oxidative stress occurs in results of oxidative imbalance by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) or by decrease/absence in antioxidant status (Gulum et al, ; Riaz et al, ). This process can lead to damages to polyunsaturated lipids present in sperm plasma membrane, as well as to the DNA, RNA and proteins (Atig, Kerkeni, Saad, & Ajina, ; Kamkar, Ramezanali, & Sabbaghian, ; Mello Filho et al, ; Sposito et al, ).…”

“…Oxidative stress, observed in 30%–80% of infertile men (Agarwal, Prabakaran, & Allamaneni, ; Aitken & Fisher, ; Bisht, Faiq, Tolahunase, & Dada, ), is defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and total antioxidant capacity (Gulum et al, ), in favour of the oxidative molecules (Sikka, ; Sikka, Rajasekaran, & Hellstrom, ). As it relates to male infertility, oxidative stress has been observed during spermatogenesis, after spermatogenesis, during epididymal maturation (Ogórek, Gąsior, Pierzchała, Daszkiewicz, & Lenartowicz, ) and after ejaculation (Wagner, Buettner, & Burns, ).…”

Expression of paraoxonase types 1, 2 and 3 in reproductive tissues and activity of paraoxonase type 1 in the serum and seminal plasma of bulls

“…The PON1 is involved in male reproductive functions, as it was identified in sperm lineage cells, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells of rats and humans (Marsillach et al, 2008(Marsillach et al, , 2011. Low activity of PON1 was observed in the seminal plasma of infertile or subfertile men (Lazaros et al, 2011;Tavilani et al, 2014;Verit, Verit, Ciftci, Erel, & Çelik, 2009) and in ejaculates of azoospermic men (Gulum et al, 2016). In boars, activity of PON1 was determined in the seminal plasma , and its antioxidant activity was related to subsequent fertility in vivo .…”