Blood Ammonia Determination in a Specific Field Test as a Method Supporting Talent Selection in Runners

Hageloch, W.; Schneider, Stefan; Weicker, H

doi:10.1055/s-2007-1024855

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…The higher degree of PCr depletion (Hirvonen et al. 1987) and plasma NH 3 accumulation (Hageloch et al. 1990) during the initial phase of sprinting in sprint‐trained subjects support this contention.…”

Section: High‐intensity Exercisementioning

confidence: 88%

Energy supply and muscle fatigue in humans

Sahlin

Tonkonogi

Söderlund

1998

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

325

214

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Limitations in energy supply is a classical hypothesis of muscle fatigue. The present paper reviews the evidence available from human studies that energy deficiency is an important factor in fatigue. The maximal rate of energy expenditure determined in skinned fibres is close to the rate of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) utilisation observed in vivo and data suggest that performance during short bursts of exercise (<5 s duration) primarily is limited by other factors than energy supply (e.g. Vmax of myosine adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), motor unit recruitment, engaged muscle mass). Within 10 s of exercise maximal power output decreases considerably and coincides with depletion of phosphocreatine. During recovery, maximal force and power output is restored with a similar time course as the resynthesis of phosphocreatine. Increases in muscle store of phosphocreatine through dietary supplementation with creatine increases performance during high-intensity exercise. These findings support the hypothesis that energy supply limits performance during high-intensity exercise. It is well documented that pre-exercise muscle glycogen content is related to performance during moderate intensity exercise. Recent data indicates that the interfibre variation in phosphocreatine is large after prolonged exercise to fatigue and that some fibres are depleted to the same extent as after high-intensity exercise. Despite relatively small decreases in ATP, the products of ATP hydrolysis (Pi and free ADP) may increase considerably. Free ADP calculated from the creatine kinase reaction increases 10-fold both after high-intensity exercise and after prolonged exercise to fatigue. It is suggested that local increases in ADP may reach inhibitory levels for the contraction process.

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Section: High‐intensity Exercisementioning

confidence: 88%

Energy supply and muscle fatigue in humans

Sahlin

Tonkonogi

Söderlund

1998

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

325

214

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“…Sprint Training. Sprinters were found to have higher blood ammonia levels after supramaximal exercise than long-distance runners (Hageloch, Schneider, & Weicker, 1990). Sprinters also had higher peak blood ammonia levels after 75 m of running than middle-distance runners (Banister et aI., 1983).…”

Section: Trainingmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Yuan andChan Hageloch et al (1990) used blood ammonia to help in talent identification. The less invasive method of blood ammonia measurement was used instead of muscle biopsy for fiber composition evaluation.…”

Section: Roes: June 2000mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Literature on the Application of Blood Ammonia Measurement in Sports Science

Yuan¹,

Chan

2000

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport

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This article summarizes previous studies on blood ammonia levels in relation to exercise. The dynamics of blood ammonia were reviewed with consideration to its production, removal, and distribution in various tissue compartments. During intense exercise, the primary source of ammonia is adenosine monophosphate deamination. Catabolism of branched-chain amino acids becomes important during submaximal exercise. Ammonia response to various types of exercise was also compared to lactate response. A comprehensive summary on factors affecting blood ammonia levels is provided. These reveal the possibility of applying blood ammonia measurement in monitoring and prescribing exercise, indirect measurement of muscle fiber composition, and muscle glycogen levels. However, more studies need to be conducted to evaluate these possibilities before blood ammonia measurement can be widely used.

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“…Ammonia blood level during exercise could be used "to monitor training in sprint events" (SCHLICHT ef al ., 1990) and was proposed as a selection test in young sprinters or long-distance runners (HAGELOCH et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introduction Subjects and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in blood ammonia induced by a maximum effort in trained and untrained subjects

Vanuxem¹,

Delpierre²,

Barlatier

et al. 1993

Archives Internationales de Physiologie, de Biochimie et de Bio

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Twelve healthy male volunteers, either trained or untrained, performed a maximal exercise on a cycloergometer. Venous blood samples were taken for analysis during the effort and the following recovery. Blood concentrations of lactate and ammonia, and plasmatic concentrations of alanine, glutamate and glutamine were measured. At the beginning on the effort, ammonia decreased by 32% (P < 0.01) in comparison with its mean level at rest; at 77% and 78% of maximum load there was a steeper ascent of blood ammonia and lactate vs load curve. There was a high correlation (P < 0.001) between ammonia and lactate during exercise. At the end of the effort, these two variables had significantly increased in comparison with their values at rest (P < 0.01 for ammonia and P < 0.001 for lactate), but they did not correlate with VO2max. The negative correlation existing between ammonia and VO2max at the beginning of the recovery period may imply that muscle NH3 release is inversely proportional to the subject's sports training level, this relation being less evident when blood lactate vs VO2max correlation was considered. Increase in blood glutamate level was greater in trained subjects (P < 0.05). This finding suggests that ammonia elimination is favoured by physical training. In conclusion, ammonia measurements during exercise provide a valuable information about muscle cell oxidative capacity.

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Blood Ammonia Determination in a Specific Field Test as a Method Supporting Talent Selection in Runners

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Energy supply and muscle fatigue in humans

Energy supply and muscle fatigue in humans

A Review of the Literature on the Application of Blood Ammonia Measurement in Sports Science

Changes in blood ammonia induced by a maximum effort in trained and untrained subjects

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