Blockchain Personal Health Records: Systematic Review

Fang, Hao Sen Andrew; Tan, Teng Hwee; Tan, Yan Fang Cheryl; Tan, Marcus Chun Jin

doi:10.2196/25094

Cited by 61 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The system is secured in several ways, such as using blockchain technology characterized by immutability. The immutability feature prevents any entity from tampering with or modifying the recorded data in the blockchain environment 5 . Thus, the system guarantees the integrity of the stored data 6 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SVBE: searchable and verifiable blockchain-based electronic medical records system

Alrebdi

Alabdulatif

Iwendi

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Central management of electronic medical systems faces a major challenge because it requires trust in a single entity that cannot effectively protect files from unauthorized access or attacks. This challenge makes it difficult to provide some services in central electronic medical systems, such as file search and verification, although they are needed. This gap motivated us to develop a system based on blockchain that has several characteristics: decentralization, security, anonymity, immutability, and tamper-proof. The proposed system provides several services: storage, verification, and search. The system consists of a smart contract that connects to a decentralized user application through which users can transact with the system. In addition, the system uses an interplanetary file system (IPFS) and cloud computing to store patients’ data and files. Experimental results and system security analysis show that the system performs search and verification tasks securely and quickly through the network.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SVBE: searchable and verifiable blockchain-based electronic medical records system

Alrebdi

Alabdulatif

Iwendi

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…On-chain storage would require these data to be stored on every node, which would impose high costs on a decentralised network and severely limit health-care applications (which frequently involve large files, such as medical images). To address this problem, off-chain storage options such as a centralised database or decentralised storage, including cloud or distributed storage systems (Interplanetary File Storage or Neo File Storage), 73 would need to be considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockchain applications in health care for COVID-19 and beyond: a systematic review

Ng¹,

Tan²,

Movva³

et al. 2021

The Lancet Digital Health

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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial and global impact on health care, and has greatly accelerated the adoption of digital technology. One of these emerging digital technologies, blockchain, has unique characteristics (eg, immutability, decentralisation, and transparency) that can be useful in multiple domains (eg, management of electronic medical records and access rights, and mobile health). We conducted a systematic review of COVID-19-related and non-COVID-19-related applications of blockchain in health care. We identified relevant reports published in MEDLINE, SpringerLink, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Xplore, ScienceDirect, arXiv, and Google Scholar up to July 29, 2021. Articles that included both clinical and technical designs, with or without prototype development, were included. A total of 85 375 articles were evaluated, with 415 full length reports (37 related to COVID-19 and 378 not related to COVID-19) eventually included in the final analysis. The main COVID-19-related applications reported were pandemic control and surveillance, immunity or vaccine passport monitoring, and contact tracing. The top three non-COVID-19-related applications were management of electronic medical records, internet of things (eg, remote monitoring or mobile health), and supply chain monitoring. Most reports detailed technical performance of the blockchain prototype platforms (277 [66·7%] of 415), whereas nine (2·2%) studies showed real-world clinical application and adoption. The remaining studies (129 [31·1%] of 415) were themselves of a technical design only. The most common platforms used were Ethereum and Hyperledger. Blockchain technology has numerous potential COVID-19-related and non-COVID-19-related applications in health care. However, much of the current research remains at the technical stage, with few providing actual clinical applications, highlighting the need to translate foundational blockchain technology into clinical use.

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“…A systematic review of a blockchain-based federated learning [BFL] was conducted. This review focused on future developments and their applications [21]. The researchers analyzed the medical records of 373 patients admitted to the hospital between February 22 and May 15, 2020.…”

Section: Iirelated Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was tested with an experimental setup. [21] During Covid-19, there was a high hospital mortality rate.…”

Section: B Knowledge On Diabetes Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of Blockchain Consortium to Prioritize Diabetes Patients’ Healthcare in Pandemic Situations

Subramanian

Thampy

2021

IEEE Access

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Diabetes is a metabolic disorder caused by high blood sugar levels, which can harm the kidneys, the heart, the eyes, and blood vessels. During the Covid-19 pandemic, diabetes patients were most affected. In the existing healthcare system, medical data is available in paper form or through a central server. Accessing the data from the central system and sharing it with all stakeholders would be a critical task during the pandemic. This research work deals with the design and implementation of a diabetes blockchain consortium. It can help all healthcare stakeholders to efficiently prioritize the needs of diabetes patients during a pandemic, such as oxygen beds, vaccinations, diabetes compensation, telemedicine, 5G-integrated remote location support, and other related records. The Ethereum sandbox simulation design is utilized to secure diabetes patients' healthcare records. The Interplanetary file system (IPFS) encrypts health data and sends it to the blockchain to ensure the privacy of personal healthcare information. The NEM symbol blockchain is used to develop this consortium as a proof-of-concept (PoC) model. Each stakeholder in a consortium is assigned NEM generated QR code to track records as a distributed ledger. A smart contract designed to run the diabetes blockchain application. Attribute-based encryption (ABE) authenticates users and restricts malicious nodes. Certainly, this research suggests aggregation of transactions and blocks in the blockchain, which would increase transaction speed, minimize transaction fees, and consume less power in a future blockchain design.

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Blockchain Personal Health Records: Systematic Review

Cited by 61 publications

References 74 publications

SVBE: searchable and verifiable blockchain-based electronic medical records system

SVBE: searchable and verifiable blockchain-based electronic medical records system

Blockchain applications in health care for COVID-19 and beyond: a systematic review

Implementation of Blockchain Consortium to Prioritize Diabetes Patients’ Healthcare in Pandemic Situations

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