Blockchain for Healthcare Management Systems: A Survey on Interoperability and Security

Abstract

In recent years it has been shown that the secure exchange of medical information significantly benefits people's life quality, improving their care and treatment. The interoperability of the entire healthcare ecosystem is a constant challenge, and even more, with all the risks posed to the security of healthcare information. Blockchain technology is emerging as one of the main alternatives when it comes to finding a balance in the healthcare ecosystem. However, the constant development of new Blockchain technologies and the evolution of healthcare systems make it difficult to find established proposals. From an architectural point of view, the design of blockchain-based solutions requires trade-offs e.g. security and interoperability. This paper focuses on two main objectives, in the first one, it was carried out a Systematic Literature Review for exploring architectural mechanisms used to support the interoperability and security of Blockchain-based Health Management Systems. Taking into account of results, a series of scenarios were generated where these mechanisms can be used along with their context, issues, and various architectural concerns (interoperability and security). In the second objective, a high-level architecture and its validation were proposed through an experiment for the whole process of developing a Domain Specific Language, using the Model Driven Engineering methodology for specific Smart Contracts.

Machine learning and deep learning-based approach in smart healthcare: Recent advances, applications, challenges and opportunities

“…As a result, there is less interest in data sharing from both patients and hospital staff. The introduction of federated learning [220] , [221] , which eliminates the need for data transfers from the source, or the use of Blockchain-based security measures for secure and transparent data transfers from source to destination are two privacy measures that need to be focused on in order to deal with this issue [222] , [223] .…”

Securing AI‐based healthcare systems using blockchain technology: A state‐of‐the‐art systematic literature review and future research directions

“…Hence it can also establish trust, organize data, and allow sharing of resources while supporting interoperability in AI-based healthcare. 3 This study mainly targets the applicability of Blockchain in AI-based healthcare systems taking into consideration security and privacy issues in three vertical aspects, namely natural language processing (NLP), computer vision, and acoustic AI. Figure 2 depicts the flow of activities in the Blockchain network.…”

A secure blockchain framework for the internet of medical things

“…14 Second, blockchain's characteristics influence the expenditure, quality of data, and relevance of delivering medical services inside an open, distributed network, eliminating the necessity for a mediator or any centralization. 15 Third, blockchain provides transparent mechanisms and efficient data sharing for the validated and permitted nodes inside the blockchain system. 16 Further, the blockchain infrastructure may assist in resolving issues with authorization for data exchange, which can significantly impede establishing a methodology for exchanging patient data.…”

“…First, blockchain technology can enable data authentication, integrity, and dissemination within the healthcare system and many medical institutions to address such security concerns 14 . Second, blockchain's characteristics influence the expenditure, quality of data, and relevance of delivering medical services inside an open, distributed network, eliminating the necessity for a mediator or any centralization 15 . Third, blockchain provides transparent mechanisms and efficient data sharing for the validated and permitted nodes inside the blockchain system 16 …”