Blockchain‐enabled balise data security for train control system

Abstract

The train control system is the railway system's brain, ensuring the train protection and the railway network's operating performance. This control system relies on the balise data received via near-field wireless communication to localize the train and update real-time operating conditions and constraints. The attackers can capture these data through their balise antenna and corrupt them through replay or false data injection attacks. This corrupted data can compromise train safety and jeopardize the entire train fleet operations.To overcome these attacks and to ensure the trustworthiness of balise and data integrity, this study proposes the permissioned blockchain-enabled two novel architectures for data transactions. Besides, each balise is equipped with a novel built-in blockchain cryptography algorithm to create its secret and public keys to provide the key integrity without needing third-party Certification Authority of conventional Public-Key Infrastructure based security systems. Each balise can create the unique signature using a 'nonce' signal sent by the train control system in the static architecture or using a self-generated 'k-once' secret key per train control system in dynamic architecture. Finally, the case studies are carried out to confirm the security sufficiency of the proposed architectures.

A blockchain database system for a rail transit equipment system

“…Each piece of equipment under the station's jurisdiction is counted when the station is transmitted to the centre, and all FIGURE 12 The interface of the blockchain shows that if 10 blocks occur, the speed data is an example.…”

“…The left side of the image is capable of displaying the actual speed of the fan, all speeds in series, form the block as B1, B2, B3…, and the block together, generating the block hash numerically, displaying real-time hash numerical information in the blank area on the right. Case 2: Block information transmission and display of the rail transit signal system log Muniandi [12] proposes two new data transaction shelves to support licensing blockchains, as well as methods to protect information security. A train's driving safety is affected by the data of the rail transit signal system.…”

“…Muniandi [12] proposes two new data transaction shelves to support licensing blockchains, as well as methods to protect information security. A train's driving safety is affected by the data of the rail transit signal system.…”

“…Outlines the scope of future research to mitigate limitations on data management and maintenance of both working prototypes and agile systems that achieve increased traceability and transparency. As part of their proposal to ensure train protection and the reliability of the railway network, Muniandi [12] and others proposed an interactive architecture based on blockchain, in which they noted that the transponder and train control system communicate can be encrypted, and that each train control system can create a unique signature using a self-generated "k-once" key. Muniandi [13], Ganesan et al proposed the railway vehicle group intelligence perception method, in which one group of trains was involved in the information collection and the other group confirmed the validity of the collected information.…”