Blockchain-Based Privacy-Aware Pseudonym Management Framework for Vehicular Networks

Benarous, Leila; Kadri, Benamar; Bouridane, Ahmed

doi:10.1007/s13369-020-04448-z

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…To do so, we calculated the probability of success for these attacks and the probability of achieving our highlighted aim which is to register a forged vehicle successfully without being detected using each system. To do the calculation, we have used the standard grade chart in Table 3 32,33 . We calculated the probabilities of occurrence (P O ) demonstrated in Tables 4 and 5 using formula (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockchain‐based forgery resilient vehicle registration system

Benarous

Kadri

Bouridane

et al. 2021

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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Vehicle registration system is an essential process for recording the transfer of vehicles' ownership. Most of existing systems are administratively centralized, semi‐automated, and rely on a formal proof provision. While these systems were initially proposed to preserve the owner's rights, prove their ownerships and legally record used motor‐land transportation means. Unfortunately, these systems also allow the registration of illegally smuggled and stolen vehicles. This is mainly due to inefficient verification methods, long heterogeneous administrative procedures or to corrupt individuals at the motor registration departments. Regardless of the reasons, the fact that the system allows such cases hints on a faulty design. Current systems are centralized and do not perform a double checking until a report is made, which means that this occurs after the fact of registering the forged vehicle. Noting that these reports are not always fruitful, if the vehicle's proofs were properly injected in the system. This paper proposes a system that is transparent where every vehicle registration is done under everyone's watchful eyes. No denying, no alteration, and no unauthorized injection may occur. The proposed system saves the owner's information and the vehicle's descriptions in transactions saved in a public blockchain where all the history of purchases regarding the subject vehicle may be tracked. The use of blockchain technology is motivated by its security, transparency, and traceability as well as its immutability and scalability in terms of users. We have evaluated our proposed solution in terms of its security and resiliency to the injection of forged transactions by the elaboration of the attack tree. The results show our solution's superiority when compared against current registration system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockchain‐based forgery resilient vehicle registration system

Benarous

Kadri

Bouridane

et al. 2021

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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“…One of the major issues that occur in centralized public key infrastructure is the privacy leakage issue. The authors in [18] propose that the users should go for pseudonyms' generation using a distributed pseudonym management system to safeguard against privacy leakage issue. However, the system falls short of tracing the malicious vehicles present in the network.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secure Message Handling in Vehicular Energy Networks Using Blockchain and Artificially Intelligent IPFS

et al. 2022

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In the underlying work, the problems faced during message dissemination in the conventional Vehicular Energy Networks (VENs) like lack of security, breach of personal identities, absence of trust between vehicle owners, etc., are tackled. In this study, a Blockchain (BC) based announcement system is proposed for VENs to ensure secure and reliable announcement dissemination in the proposed network. The proposed system is a three-layered system comprising message dissemination layer, storage layer and BC layer. In the first layer, all the vehicles are registered through a Certificate Authority (CA), which ensures only the legitimate vehicles become part of the proposed network and interact with each other. Later, in the second layer, the data sent by the vehicles is stored at the artificial intelligence based Interplanetary File System (IPFS), which is incorporated with the Road Side Units (RSUs). This ensures reduction in storage cost and data availability. Besides, vehicle owners' privacy is ensured by concealing the real identities of the vehicles. Moreover, the hashes of the data stored in the IPFS are stored in BC in the third layer. Also, lightweight trustworthiness verification of the vehicles, reputation based incentivization and concealing predictable trends in vehicles' reputation scores are performed in the same layer. Overall, the novelty of the proposed work lies in the fact that the proposed system efficiently tackles different problems encountered in the existing systems simultaneously. Through extensive simulations, it is inferred that the computational time is reduced by 15-18% and the storage overhead is reduced by 80-85%, respectively when storing hash of data on the BC network as compared to storing actual data on the network.

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“…As outlined in Section I, our literature review has identified some limited existing works that discuss the use of more traditional blockchain architecture to improve vehicular pseudonym allocation and issuance management; these are Bao et al [13] and Benarous et al [30]. We provide a summary of these and their shortfalls below.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [30], a blockchain-based pseudonym management framework is proposed, where pseudonym generation is performed purely by vehicles without interference by authorities. The main part of the framework consists of two blockchains for storing certified pseudonyms and revoked pseudonyms, managed by registered vehicles and RSUs, respectively.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, various other risks, including further security risks introduced through human errors, may be exacerbated. Existing solutions, such as [13] and [30] outlined in Section III, left the interorganizational interfacing aspect predominantly unaddressed; therefore, some or all of these security risks would still remain. In contrast, the proposed scheme mitigates these risks using a permissioned consortium blockchain system.…”

Section: ) Data Handling At Organizational Interface Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Blockchain Assisted Vehicular Pseudonym Issuance and Management System for Conditional Privacy Enhancement

Chulerttiyawong

Jamalipour

2021

IEEE Access

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A feasible approach commonly discussed in the literature for mitigating location privacy threats in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is the use of pseudonyms instead of real vehicle identifications. However, for relevant authorities to be able to identify misbehaving vehicles through their pseudonyms, it is essential that the privacy protection mechanisms only allow for conditional anonymity and not complete anonymity. In this paper, we propose the use of a permissioned consortium blockchain system with smart contract feature to facilitate secure and conditional privacy-preserving vehicular pseudonym issuance and management in a multi-jurisdictional road network. The use of a permissioned consortium blockchain helps mitigate security risks associated with the complexities in interorganizational data handling, such as in the areas of access control, data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. The proposed system architecture takes advantage of the predicted wide availability of Roadside Units (RSUs), and the highly viable, flexible and mature Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) technology for usage in vehicular pseudonymous communications. We successfully carried out a small-scale simulation of the proposed architecture using the Vehicles in Network Simulation (Veins) platform for integrated traffic and network simulation services (SUMO as the traffic simulator and OMNeT++ as the network simulator), and the Hyperledger Fabric platform as the permissioned consortium blockchain system. Simulation and performance analysis results reveal the feasibility of practical deployment of the scheme, and show that the scheme addresses the identified shortfalls of existing works, including the ability to achieve a better balance between connectivity and storage requirements.

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Blockchain-Based Privacy-Aware Pseudonym Management Framework for Vehicular Networks

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

Blockchain‐based forgery resilient vehicle registration system

Blockchain‐based forgery resilient vehicle registration system

Secure Message Handling in Vehicular Energy Networks Using Blockchain and Artificially Intelligent IPFS

A Blockchain Assisted Vehicular Pseudonym Issuance and Management System for Conditional Privacy Enhancement

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