Block/graft copolymer synthesis via ceric salt

Abstract

Acrylamide and acrylonitrile were polymerized with water-soluble organic reducing compounds containing hydroxy groups such as methyl cellulose (MC), methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (MHPC) and poly(ethy1ene glyco1)s (PEG) in the presence of Ce(IV) in order to produce graft/block copolymers. The effect of cerium(1V) concentration, temperature, time and monomer concentration on the yield was studied. Copolymers of cellulose derivatives and polyacrylonitrile showed solubility properties similar to polyacrylonitrile. Both cellulose derivative-polyacrylamide and poly(ethy1ene glycol)polyacrylamide copolymers were soluble in water. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG:Acrylamid und Acrylnitril wurden in Gegenwart von Ce(V1)-Ionen und wasserloslichen organischen, reduzierenden, Hydroxygruppen enthaltenden Verbindungen wie Methylcellulose (MC), Methylhydroxypropylcellulose (MHPC) und Poly(ethyleng1y-ko1)en (PEG) zu Block-und Pfropfcopolymeren polymerisiert. Der Einflun der Ce(V1)-und Monomerkonzentration sowie der Polymerisationstemperatur und -zeit auf die Polymerisationsausbeute wurde untersucht. Die Copolymeren aus Cellulosederivaten und Polyacrylnitril zeigen ahnliche Losungseigenschaften wie Acrylnitrilhomopolymere. Sowohl die Cellulose/Polyacrylamidals auch die Poly(ethylenglykol)/Polyacrylamid-Copolymeren sind wasserloslich. 0 1994 Huthig & Wepf Verlag, Base1 CCC 0003-3146/94/$05.00

Electroinduced dispersion polymerization of acrylonitrile in the presence of poly(acrylic acid) and catalytic amount of CE(IV)

“…Several reports have appeared on the mechanism and kinetics of polymerization involving ceric ion alone 1 and also in combination with reducing substrates such as alcohols, 2,3 1,2 diols, 4 ketones, 5 and amino acid, 6 and poly(aminocarboxylic acid). [7][8][9][10] The same systems were also used as initiators for graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) and acrylamide 11 and a block copolymer of ketonic resin-polyacrylonitrile. 12 Under electrolytic conditions and by electrogeneration of metal ion, using Ce(IV)-carboxylic acid, KMnO 4 -carboxylic acid, or Ce(IV)-EDTA redox systems, water-soluble polyacrylamides containing the carboxylic acid end group were synthesized recently in our laboratory.…”

Synthesis, characterization and electrospinning of corn cob cellulose-graft-polyacrylonitrile and their clay nanocomposites

“…Efficiency of the copolymer synthesis was strongly related with several factors including concentrations, time, reducing agent (Galioğlu et al, 1994). These factors interacted with each other also, for example increasing time could promote the polymerization but it might also result in degradation of cellulosic material in acidic medium.…”

“…Higher or lower temperatures resulted in decrease in copolymer gain probably due to formation the other oxidation product (Galioğlu et al, 1994;Pottenger & Johnson, 1970). The duration of polymerization had a considerable effect on acrylonitrile copolymerization.…”

“…Polysaccharides can also be employed as reducing agent for graft copolymerization using ceric ions (Galioğlu, Soydan, Akar, & Saraç, 1994;Mishra, Clark, Vij, & Daswal, 2008;Ünlü, Günister, & Atıcı, 2012;Gürdağ & Sarmad, 2013;Rana, Singha, Thakur, & Thakur, 2015).…”

Solvent effect on methyl methacrylate polymerization by cerium

“…[1][2][3][4] Graft and block copolymers are also prepared with this system. [5] A free radical is formed when a reducing agent is used in combination with the cerium salt as a consequence of an electron transfer reaction. Chemical polymerization of MMA by a cerium ion-reducing agent were studied in detail previously.…”