Block-based image steganalysis: Algorithm and performance evaluation

Cho, Seongho; Cha, Byung-Ho; Gawecki, Martin; Kuo, C.-C. Jay

doi:10.1016/j.jvcir.2013.05.007

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is more accurate in decision making compared to the method presented by Cho et al [9]. But, if after above steps it is not confirmed that the image is stego, one cannot decisively decide that the woule image is cover.…”

Section: The Proposed Methodsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Cho et al [9] decomposed the image into blocks with similar frequency areas to improve the accuracy and performance of their steganalysis method. Their main idea was the matter that working on the whole image would withhold attention from various frequency areas.…”

Section: A Blocking Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Afterwards, as most steganalysis methods find the changes resulted from the coefficient histogram in low frequency areas more observable and since steganography algorithms embed the secret message in higher frequencies areas to enhance security and image resistance, almost only these subbands have been considered. Then, the method presented by Cho et al [9] has been used and blocking has been carried out on the selected subbands. This method has been elaborated in section II.A.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Universal JPEG steganalysis based on special frequency regions from wavelet transform

Omrani

Faez

2012

6th International Symposium on Telecommunications (IST)

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This article has presented a new steganalysis method based on wavelet transform. First, wavelet transform is applied on the original image to separate different frequencies subbands. Then, for greater focus on frequency regions, the blocking technique is carried out on these subbands and they are divided into equal sized sectors. Afterwards, optimal wavelet packet transform method is applied in feature extraction stage. Entropy cost function of coefficients is modified with message embedding and tends to be zero. As a result, the ultimate optimal tree having the maximum number of necessary nodes can be built. Experimental results indicate that the ultimate obtained features are a good basis to detect a secret message in the image.

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Section: The Proposed Methodsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: A Blocking Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Universal JPEG steganalysis based on special frequency regions from wavelet transform

Omrani

Faez

2012

6th International Symposium on Telecommunications (IST)

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“…In the proposed method, therefore, stego image is first decompressed and then decomposed into 8 8 blocks. Afterwards, the variation of each block is obtained through (8). The obtained variance is represented by 1 .…”

Section: B Estimating Message Length Using Second-order Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, some steganalysis methods have generally detected the secret message in steganography algorithms like PQ; e.g. the method by Cho et al [8] which used the Markov and DCT [7] block-based feature extraction for steganalysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating PQ Algorithm Message Length Using First- and Second-Order Statistics

Rafinezhad

Faez

2012

2012 International Conference on Digital Image Computing Techniques and Applications (DICTA)

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The general purpose of steganalysis algorithms is to detect a secret message in digital images. Nevertheless, previous studies have rather ignored the fact that more valuable information like message length can be extracted from stego images. In this article, a method is proposed for estimating message length in stego images resulted from PQ, which is a common steganography algorithm. In this method, the stego image resulted from PQ algorithm is first calibrated so that the corresponding cover image is obtained. Then, threshold is compared to the changes of global histograms of cover and stego images. If the threshold is less than the changes, first-order statistics and global histogram will be used to estimate message length; otherwise, secret message length will be estimated using second-order statistics and changes of variation of cover and stego images.

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A novel image steganography scheme based on morphological associative memory and permutation schema

Nazari

Moghadam

Moin

2014

Security Comm Networks

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Steganography is the art and science of hiding a message in a carrier, in such a manner that no one, except the sender and intended recipient, can guess the existence of the message; it is a form of security through obscurity. Often, steganography algorithms using discrete cosine transform are detectable through steganalysis attacks. To reduce detectability of the stego, we propose an image steganography algorithm in transform domain based on morphological associative memory, permutation approach, and matrix encoding. In our proposed algorithm, in order to insert a secret message in the cover image, first, we map the cover image to a morphological representation containing morphological coefficients, and then bits of secret message are inserted into the image by permutation approach and matrix encoding. Permutation approach leads to unique distribution of secret message in the carrier, and the use of matrix encoding minimizes the number of coefficients needed to be changed because of inserting secret message. In our experiments, we compared the quality of stego, time complexity, and robustness of our method with state‐of‐art image steganography algorithms (F5 and morphological steganography) with an equal payload. The experimental results showed that the proposed method is able to produce insignificant visual distortion compared with other traditional approaches. To test the robustness of our proposed algorithm, we used wavelet‐based and block‐based steganalysis methods. The obtained results showed a high level of robustness of our algorithm against steganalysis attacks. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Block-based image steganalysis: Algorithm and performance evaluation

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Universal JPEG steganalysis based on special frequency regions from wavelet transform

Universal JPEG steganalysis based on special frequency regions from wavelet transform

Estimating PQ Algorithm Message Length Using First- and Second-Order Statistics

A novel image steganography scheme based on morphological associative memory and permutation schema

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