Blistering of the selected materials irradiated by intense 200keV proton beam

Astrelin, V. T.; Burdakov, A. V.; Bykov, P. V.; Иванов, И. А.; Иванов, А. А.; Jongen, Y.; Konstantinov, S. G.; Kudryavtsev, A. M.; Kuklin, K. N.; Mekler, K. I.; Polosatkin, S. V.; Поступаев, В. В.; Rovenskikh, A. F.; Sinitskiy, S.L.; Zubairov, E. R.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.10.051

Cited by 49 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This is because, at a proton current of 10 mA and a target diameter of 10 cm, the critical dose is accumulated in 20 min, which is less than the planned therapy time (1 h). The value of the dose of hydrogen blistering is 10 times larger-10 19 cm −2 measured at the lower proton energy-180 keV (the copper temperature was 87 • C) [10]. The authors calculated the value of fluence at which blisters appeared in Cu under 2 MeV proton irradiation based on the value at 180 keV and the fluence dependence on the energy as E 0.4 given in [9] to be 2 × 10 19 cm −2 ([2], p. 81).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

In Situ Observations of Blistering of a Metal Irradiated with 2-MeV Protons

Badrutdinov

Bykov

Gromilov

et al. 2017

Metals

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A vacuum-insulated tandem accelerator was used to observe in situ blistering during 2-MeV proton irradiation of metallic samples to a fluence of up to 6.7 × 10 20 cm −2 . Samples consisting of copper of different purity, tantalum and tantalum-copper compounds were placed on the proton beam path and forced to cool. The surface state of the samples was observed using a charge-coupled device camera with a remote microscope. Thermistors, a pyrometer and an infrared camera were applied to measure the temperature of the samples during irradiation. After irradiation, the samples were analyzed on an X-ray diffractometer, laser and electron microscopes. The present study describes the experiment, presents the results obtained and notes their relevance and significance in the development of a lithium target for an accelerator-based neutron source, for use in boron neutron capture therapy of cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

In Situ Observations of Blistering of a Metal Irradiated with 2-MeV Protons

Badrutdinov

Bykov

Gromilov

et al. 2017

Metals

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“…As a result, these are slowed down and capture electrons from the Zr to form hydrogen atoms [15]. Since the solubility of hydrogen in Zr is quite less, therefore only few percent of hydrogen can be accumulated in it which may either results in the formation of hydrides or nano and micro size of bubbles [1,16]. The results of the present work show that the bubbles formation in 3.5 MeV protons irradiated Zr occur at a threshold dose of 1 Â 10 13 protons/cm 2 .…”

Section: Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies have facilitated in providing useful information about different materials that can be used in irradiation environment [1]. Therefore, a considerable interest has been raised in this area to investigate the radiation induced damage in structural materials that are used in the nuclear reactors [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These protons can significantly influence the integrity of structural components through the formation of voids, surface swelling, and bubbles blistering in the structural materials [12]. A number of attempts have been made to investigate the bubbles induced blistering in proton beam irradiated Zr [1][2][3]8], however, determination of minimum (threshold) dose for the bubbles formation in proton beam irradiated Zr is still questionable. The identification of threshold dose for bubbles formation in Zr may be helpful in order to develop next-generation nuclear reactors having strong structural capability and long operational time [1,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface, structural and tensile properties of proton beam irradiated zirconium

Rafique

Chae

Kim

2016

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…H 2 -bubbles occur as an irradiation damage. They change the physical properties of the irradiated surface and increase the erosion rate (Astrelin et al, 2010). H 2 -bubbles are metal pockets filled with Hydrogen molecular gas.…”

Section: Formation Of Molecular Hydrogen Bubblesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of metallic surfaces under space conditions, with particular emphasis on Hydrogen recombination processes

Sznajder

Geppert

Dudek

2015

Advances in Space Research

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The widespread use of metallic structures in space technology brings risk of degradation which occurs under space conditions. New types of materials dedicated for space applications, that have been developed in the last decade, are in majority not well tested for different space mission scenarios. Very little is known how material degradation may affect the stability and functionality of space vehicles and devices during long term space missions.Our aim is to predict how the solar wind and electromagnetic radiation degrade metallic structures. Therefore both experimental and theoretical studies of material degradation under space conditions have been performed. The studies are accomplished at German Aerospace Center (DLR) in Bremen (Germany) and University of Zielona Góra (Poland).The paper presents the results of the theoretical part of those studies. It is proposed that metal bubbles filled with Hydrogen molecular gas, resulting from recombination of the metal free electrons and the solar protons, are formed on the irradiated surfaces. A thermodynamic model of bubble formation has been developed. We study the creation process of H 2 -bubbles as function of, inter alia, the metal temperature, proton dose and energy. Our model has been verified by irradiation experiments completed at the DLR facility in Bremen.Consequences of the bubble formation are changes of the physical and thermo-optical properties of such degraded metals. We show that a high surface density of bubbles (up to 10 8 cm −2 ) with a typical bubble diameter of ∼ 0.4µm will cause a significant increase of the metallic surface roughness. This may have serious consequences to any space mission.Changes in the thermo-optical properties of metallic foils are especially important for the solar sail propulsion technology because its efficiency depends on the effective momentum transfer from the solar photons onto the sail structure. This transfer is proportional to the reflectivity of a sail. Therefore, the propulsion abilities of sail material will be affected by the growing population of the molecular Hydrogen bubbles on metallic foil surfaces.

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Blistering of the selected materials irradiated by intense 200keV proton beam

Cited by 49 publications

References 7 publications

In Situ Observations of Blistering of a Metal Irradiated with 2-MeV Protons

In Situ Observations of Blistering of a Metal Irradiated with 2-MeV Protons

Surface, structural and tensile properties of proton beam irradiated zirconium

Degradation of metallic surfaces under space conditions, with particular emphasis on Hydrogen recombination processes

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