Blends of vinylic copolymer with plasticized lignin: Thermal and mechanical properties

Feldman, D.; Banu, D.; Campanelli, J. R.; Zhu, He

doi:10.1002/app.1505

Cited by 69 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…LEUG showed a slight higher T g value, T g =161ºC than LPIT, T g =158ºC. Generally, T g in lignin lies between 100 and 180ºC, which is high when compared to the T g values of most synthetic polymers (Feldman et al 2001). The high T g is in large part associated with the formation of hydrogen bonding between the phenolic hydroxyl groups in the lignin main chain (Buranov et al 2010).…”

Section: Differential Scanning Calorimetrymentioning

confidence: 88%

Assessment of the thermal behavior of lignins from softwood and hardwood species

Poletto

2017

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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The thermal behavior of lignins from softwood and hardwood species has been investigated using thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. Klason Lignin from Pinus taeda and Klason lignin from Eucalyptus grandis were studied. The differential scanning calorimetry results showed that both Klason lignins studied presented similar glass transition temperature. Thermogravimetric results showed that the lignin degradation occurs in three stages. The Klason lignin of Pinus taeda is more thermally stable than Eucalyptus grandis, probably because of the higher thermal stability of the guaiacyl units in softwood lignin. The degradation of both lignins initiate by a diffusion process. However when the conversion values are higher than 0,1 the lignin degradation mechanism is a complex procedure and involves the degradation of a highly condensed aromatic structure formed at the previous degradation stages.

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Section: Differential Scanning Calorimetrymentioning

confidence: 88%

Assessment of the thermal behavior of lignins from softwood and hardwood species

Poletto

2017

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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“…This problem might be overcome by better dispersion than that achieved in the blends produced in this study or by the modification of lignin through functionalization or plasticization as suggested by some authors [30][31][32]. Functionalization with more apolar moieties decreases the interaction among lignin molecules, but also those formed with other polymers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…A considerable number of papers have been published on the blends of lignin with a wide range of polymers including proteins [10][11][12], starch [13][14][15], polyolefins [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], vinyl polymers 4 [18,19,21,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] and polyesters [19,21,22,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. The chemical modification of lignin [10,14,16,[20][21][22]27,29,36,40,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive Interactions in Aromatic Polymer/Lignosulfonate Blends

Szabó

Romhányi

Kun

et al. 2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Polymer/lignosulfonate blends were prepared from three polymers containing aromatic moiety in their chain: polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC) and a glycol modified poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PETG), in order to study the effect of aromatic,  electron interactions on miscibility, and on the structure and properties of the blends. Polypropylene (PP)/lignin blends were used as reference. The components were homogenized in an internal mixer and compression molded into plates of 1 mm thickness. Structure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and image analysis, while mechanical properties by tensile testing and acoustic emission measurements. Component interactions were estimated from solubility parameters, the composition dependence of glass transition temperature and mechanical properties. The results indicated that  electron interactions result in better compatibility than the dispersion forces acting in PP blends. The average size of the dispersed lignin particles was smaller and properties were better in aromatic polymers than in PP. After PP, PS containing only aromatic rings and no other functional groups formed the weakest interaction with lignin, while interactions in PC and especially PETG capable of forming also hydrogen bonds were much stronger showing that the combined effect of competitive interactions determines the structure and properties of the blends.

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“…From this point of view, lignin with Gtype and H-type units as the principal structural units must be a priori more suitable for self-bonding. Another factor that must be considered is the existence of large quantities of phenolic hydroxyls in the lignin structure: they activate the free ring positions, making them susceptible to reacting with other lignin units (Feldman et al 2001;Thring et al 2004). Overall, G-type and H-type lignins possess additional active positions, which could further promote the formation of self-bonding (El Mansouri and Salvadó 2006).…”

Section: D-hsqc Nmr Spectra Of the Lignin Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Lignin on Bamboo Biomass Self-Bonding During Hot-Pressing: Lignin Structure and Characterization

Li¹,

Wu²,

Peng³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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To achieve high value-added utilization of lignin extracted from the biorefinery process in the wood composite industry, binderless particle boards were manufactured by bamboo materials combined with alkaline lignin (AL) in various proportions under various hot-pressing conditions. To elucidate the reactivity and chemical transformations of lignin macromolecules during the hot-pressing process, lignin samples were isolated from the corresponding boards and characterized by highperformance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), quantitative 31 P-NMR, and 2D-HSQC NMR. The best bonding strength (1.36 MPa) of the binderless particle boards was obtained under the conditions of 180 °C, pressure 5 MPa, and lignin/bamboo mass ratio 0.4. The molecular weight of the lignin samples decreased from 3260 to 1420 g/mol during hot-pressing. The NMR results showed that the contents of β-O-4' and β-β' linkages were reduced and β-5' linkages were increased as the hot-pressing temperature rose. Simultaneously, the percentage of G-type and H-type lignins as well as the content of phenolic OH increased.

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Blends of vinylic copolymer with plasticized lignin: Thermal and mechanical properties

Cited by 69 publications

References 21 publications

Assessment of the thermal behavior of lignins from softwood and hardwood species

Assessment of the thermal behavior of lignins from softwood and hardwood species

Competitive Interactions in Aromatic Polymer/Lignosulfonate Blends

Effect of Lignin on Bamboo Biomass Self-Bonding During Hot-Pressing: Lignin Structure and Characterization

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