Blends of ground tire rubber devulcanized by microwaves/HDPE - Part B: influence of clay addition

Abstract

SbstractThe main objective of this work is to study the influence of clay addition on dynamically revulcanized blends of Ground Tire Rubber (GTR)/High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). GTR was previously devulcanized in a system comprised of a conventional microwave oven adapted with a motorized stirring, with a fixed microwave power and at various exposure times. The influence of clay addition on the final properties of the blends was evaluated in terms of mechanical, viscoelastic, thermal and rheological properties, with morphology being also analyzed. The results depict that the clay can modify the rheological behavior of the GTR phase, in addition to the thermal and mechanical properties of some blends.

Effects of processing parameters on the properties of microwave‐devulcanized ground tire rubber/polyethylene dynamically revulcanized blends

“…However, the results of elongation at break showed poorer adhesion between the phases of the blends, which probably caused a decrease in G′ . The same behavior was previously observed, and the authors correlated the decrease in G ′ with the deterioration of the mechanical properties of the blends of GTR devulcanized by microwaves and HDPE, due to particle detachment from the matrix when an external stress was applied.…”

“…As observed in the present work, the mechanical properties were far from typical TPV due to the lack of adhesion between the phases. Adding a nanometer scale filler to the system did not make much difference. However, the properties of the blends produced in the extruder in this work are much better than those produced in the internal mixer, due to better dispersion of the GTR in the matrix.…”

The Influence of UV-Accelerated Aging Process on Industrial Waste Containing EPDM

“…As the intention of the aging was to de-vulcanize the residue, this result shows that the goal was probably achieved. The same behavior was previously observed in the literature [4,11,17]. The MH results showed a slight reduction of the molecular stiffness of some samples containing EPDM-r when compared to the Control sample.…”

“…Some methods aim to improve this interaction by de-vulcanization. Among the most-studied methods, the ultrasound method uses ultrasound waves to produce cavitation in the rubber, which generates tensions that are able to break the chemical bonds [3,5,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Another de-vulcanization method based on the action of microwaves presents some advantages that make it one of the most promising for the recycling of rubber [2][3][4]13,15,[18][19][20][21][22], including its physical nature, the volumetric heating of the material by the microwaves, and the possibility of high productivity [23].The aging of elastomers can be defined as the degradation process produced by the interaction between a material and an environment, modifying their structure and properties (i.e., mechanical, electrical, chemical, and/or thermal).…”

Devulcanization of Elastomers and Applications

“…In order to improve adhesion and interaction among phases, many authors have used compatibilization techniques [48,66,70], devulcanization of elastomeric phase [12,20,57,66,[71][72][73][74], addition of a third elastomeric phase or replacing part of recycled rubber for a raw one [53,63,68,69], functionalization [75], filler addition [47,70,74], among others, beyond the dynamic vulcanization, which notoriously increases the adhesion and interaction among phases of the blends [20,34,55,57,68,76]. Additionally, the dynamic vulcanization in blends containing recycled material gives them greater added value [37].…”