Blended Learning: A New Approach to Teach Ballet Technique for Undergraduate Students

Abstract

This study aims to investigate and compare the effect of the Blended Learning (BL) approach to Face to Face (FTF) teaching method on students' level of performance and sport participation motivation level. It is a qualitative study using the quasi-experimental method and applying the pre-test/post-test two-groups design model. The participants of this study were 40 female undergraduate students of School of Physical Education/University of Jordan. They were beginners enrolled in ballet classes with no previous experience in ballet; 18 students attended the FTF ballet class (control group), and 22 students attended the BL ballet class (experimental group). Skill performance tests and Sport participation Motivation Scale SMS-28 were used to collect the study's pre and post data. The data were then analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results of this study revealed no significant differences between teaching strategies in relation to students' level of performance. On the other hand, significant differences occurred in post-tests of students' motivation level in favor of the BL group. All intrinsic and extrinsic motivation subscales except for amotivation were significantly different in favor of BL classes. In conclusion, BL proved to be an efficient and convenient methodology in terms of enhancing students' level of performance and boost their motivation for sports participation.

Research on Blended Learning in Physical Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Chinese Students

“…(3) In terms of learning effectiveness, there was a significant difference in learning effectiveness between blended learning and single type learning (−5.994, p < .05), and the average value of 4.307 was greater than that of single type learning (3.752). These results are consistent with those of many studies (Alsalhi et al, 2019;Baragash & Al-Samarraie, 2018;Bayyat, 2020;Farahani et al, 2020;Kingpum et al, 2015;Li et al, 2019;Vernadakis et al, 2012), students who use blended learning are satisfied with their learning effectiveness. In the process of the implementation of blended teaching, the resources of network and multimedia are integrated.…”

“…As discussed in subsection 2.2, numerous studies (Alsalhi et al, 2019; Baragash & Al-Samarraie, 2018; Bayyat, 2020; Farahani et al, 2020; Kingpum et al, 2015; Li et al, 2019; Vernadakis et al, 2012) have determined that blended learning aids in increasing learning effectiveness. Due to the changes in teaching modes enacted because of the COVID-19 pandemic, PE courses could not be taught using conventional face-to-face learning and could only be taken through online learning.…”

“…The results indicated that the students who adopted blending learning had higher learning satisfaction and effectiveness than those who used the conventional offline learning model. Bayyat (2020) used a quasiexperimental design with 40 college students studying PE at the University of Jordan. The core course was ballet, but the students had not received ballet-related training before.…”

“…With the breakout of COVID-19, schools were forced to offer distance learning. Many studies have shown that using a hybrid approach can help students learn and improve the quality of instruction (Alsalhi et al, 2019; Baragash & Al-Samarraie, 2018; Bayyat, 2020; Farahani et al, 2020; Kingpum et al, 2015; Li et al, 2019; Vernadakis et al, 2012); however, these studies were conducted during non-pandemic periods and compared with offline learning through “offline + asynchronous distance-learning” or “offline + synchronous distance-learning.” Very few of them did the research on blended learning methods that are experimented only when online instruction is available. In addition, although MOOC has become the focus of higher education reform in China, and the government and schools have actively invested in and developed distance learning, Physical education (PE) has never been paid attention to by education reform (distance learning).…”

Classical Javanese Dance Learning with Blended Learning

“…With blended learning, learning will be designed in a mix between face-to-face and online, preceded by careful analysis of which material should be done faceto-face, and which can be done online. Several previous studies found that blended learning provides easy access, succes, and more varied learning environment [3], and blended learning proved to be an efficient and convenient methodology in terms of enhancing students' level of performance and boost their motivation for sports (ballet) participations [1]. The purpose of this study is to develop a blended learning model of Javanese classical dance learning.…”