Bleeding simulation in embalmed cadavers: bridging the gap between simulation and live surgery

Souza, Maria Cláudia Campos Mello Inglez de; Matera, Júlia Maria

doi:10.14573/altex.1407311

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…In contrast to previously reported (human) cadaver models [11][12][13][14][17][18][19][20], the current model does not employ arterial circulation. Arterial circulation is undeniably relevant for research that concerns hemodynamic processes such as stent deployment, or when maximal expansion of the arteries is desired to allow high-calibre devices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Feasibility of fresh frozen human cadavers as a research and training model for endovascular image guided interventions

et al. 2020

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Objective To describe the feasibility of a fresh frozen human cadaver model for research and training of endovascular image guided procedures in the aorta and lower extremity. Methods The cadaver model was constructed in fresh frozen human cadaver torsos and lower extremities. Endovascular access was acquired by inserting a sheath in the femoral artery. The arterial segment of the specimen was restricted by ligation of collateral arteries and, in the torsos, clamping of the contralateral femoral artery and balloon occlusion of the supratruncal aorta. Tap water was administered through the sheath to create sufficient intraluminal pressure to manipulate devices and acquire digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Endovascular cannulation tasks of the visceral arteries (torso) or the peripheral arteries (lower extremities) were performed to assess the vascular patency of the model. Feasibility of this model is based on our institute’s experiences throughout the use of six fresh frozen human cadaver torsos and 22 lower extremities. Results Endovascular simulation in the aortic and peripheral vasculature was achieved using this human cadaver model. Acquisition of DSA images was feasible in both the torsos and the lower extremities. Approximately 84 of the 90 target vessels (93.3%) were patent, the remaining six vessels showed signs of calcified steno-occlusive disease. Conclusions Fresh frozen human cadavers provide a feasible simulation model for aortic and peripheral endovascular interventions, and can potentially reduce the need for animal experimentation. This model is suitable for the evaluation of new endovascular devices and techniques or to master endovascular skills.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Feasibility of fresh frozen human cadavers as a research and training model for endovascular image guided interventions

et al. 2020

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“…Students then progress to simulated surgery on ethically sourced cadavers or full-body or virtual simulators. Major organs may also be perfused with simulated blood via pulsatile pumps (de Souza and Matera, 2015), simulating bleeding, and allowing haemostatic practice (control of bleeding). Finally, students observe, assist with, and then perform necessary surgery under close supervision on real patients that benefit from the surgery, similar to the manner in which physicians are trained.…”

Section: Veterinary Medical Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational use of animals in Europe indicates a reluctance to implement alternatives

Zemanova¹,

Knight

Lybæk³

2021

ALTEX

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Animals have been considered an indispensable tool to teach about the functioning of living organisms, to obtain skills necessary for practicing human and veterinary medicine, as well as for acquiring skills for caring for and conducting experiments on animals in laboratories. However, the efficacy of this practice has been questioned in the last decades and societal views have evolved to put a much larger emphasis on animal welfare and ethics that needs to be reflected in our teaching and training practices. Currently, many alternatives to harmful animal use are available, and it is not clear why thousands of animals continue to be used every year for educational and training purposes. Therefore, this study aimed to identify reasons for the lack of uptake of non-harmful educational and training methods by analysing recently published non-technical summaries in the EU and EEA Member States, and to provide examples of alternatives for specific learning objectives. Results from non-technical summaries from 18 countries spanning the most recent years (2017-2019) revealed that the two main perceived reasons for continued animal use are 1) the necessity of using a living animal for 'proper' learning and 2) the lack of an adequate alternative. We argue that these reasons often do not reflect reality. In conclusion, we consider it is necessary to put a stronger emphasis on engagement with ethical questions that underlie the use of animals and careful consideration of how the learning objectives could be achieved through non-harmful alternatives.

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“…Os cadáveres utilizados são de animais que foram a óbito em hospitais veterinários, abrigos e centros de controle de zoonoses. Para que ocorra a conservação é necessária a retirada do sangue, a raspagem do pelo, lavagem do conteúdo intestinal e imersão da peça em uma solução de Larssen modificada 7,8 .…”

Section: Preservação Química De Cadáveresunclassified

“…Após a realização desse processo, as peças são colocadas em sacos plásticos e acondicionadas em câmaras frigoríficas à -20ºC. Para sua utilização é necessário o descongelamento gradativo em tanques com água 24 horas antes da aula 8,9 .…”

Section: Preservação Química De Cadáveresunclassified

Substitutivos do modelo animal no ensino de técnica cirúrgica

Garretto

Martins

2018

Rev. Med. (São Paulo)

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A utilização de modelos animais vivos no ensino da Técnica Cirúrgica nas Escolas de Medicina foi reduzida devido principalmente ao debate bioético. Assim, são necessárias alternativas para que a qualidade na formação do acadêmico se mantenha adequada. O objetivo do artigo foi proceder uma revisão na literatura atual sobre os métodos alternativos ao modelo animal vivo para o ensino da Técnica Operatória no curso de graduação em medicina, considerando a relação custo /benefício. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão da bibliografia em artigos científicos publicados nas plataformas SciELO, PubMed e Google Acadêmico, nos últimos 15 anos, com uso dos descritores: Ensino médico; treinamento com simulador; modelos cirúrgicos; modelos estruturais; impressão em 3D. Existem diversos modelos que foram desenvolvidos como alternativa para o uso de animais vivos no ensino de técnica operatória. Eles variam desde tecido sintético para treinamento em suturas, passando por cadáveres quimicamente preservados e modelos impressos por impressoras 3D, até chegar aos sofisticados simuladores computadorizados. Os modelos existentes atualmente, seja o sintético, os modelos 3D ou os simuladores, ainda apresentam certas limitações, mas com o advento das novas tecnologias novas alternativas estão surgindo e, com certeza complementarão de forma eficaz o ensino de cirurgia nas Escolas de Medicina.

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Bleeding simulation in embalmed cadavers: bridging the gap between simulation and live surgery

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Feasibility of fresh frozen human cadavers as a research and training model for endovascular image guided interventions

Feasibility of fresh frozen human cadavers as a research and training model for endovascular image guided interventions

Educational use of animals in Europe indicates a reluctance to implement alternatives

Substitutivos do modelo animal no ensino de técnica cirúrgica

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