Blebbing of Thymocyte Plasma Membrane and Apoptosis are Related to Impairment of Capacitance Ca²⁺Entry into Cells

Abstract

We studied the role of disturbances in cell Ca(2+) homeostasis in plasma membrane blebbing and death of thymocytes. Capacitance Ca(2+) channels of the plasma membrane and intracellular Ca(2+) stores are involved in the induction and progression of changes in the membrane and cytoskeleton and apoptosis induced by acrylonitrile.

Acrylonitrile induced apoptosis via oxidative stress in neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cell

“…Recent reports showed that an antioxidant, NAC, protects rat primary astrocytes (Carrera et al, 2007) and glial cells (Esmat et al, 2007) from ACN toxicity, suggesting the attribution of oxidative stress in ACN toxicity. The present study adds to previous reports demonstrating that ACN is capable of inducing apoptosis (Ghanayem et al, 1997;Mikhutkina et al, 2004) and generating ROS (Jacob and Ahmed, 2003;Kamendulis et al, 1999;Pu et al, 2009;Whysner et al, 1998;Zhang et al, 2002), and further identifying that the mechanism of ACN-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells is through induction of apoptosis involved in the generation of oxidative stress mediated Bax expression. Apoptosis is a form of cell death that is important in a wide variety of normal biological processes, including embryonic development, immunological response and cell turnover, and also chemical-induced cell death (Elmore, 2007;Kerr et al, 1972;Orrenius et al, 2007).…”

“…The present study adds to previous reports demonstrating that ACN is capable of inducing apoptosis (Ghanayem et al, 1997;Mikhutkina et al, 2004) and generating ROS (Jacob and Ahmed, 2003;Kamendulis et al, 1999;Pu et al, 2009;Whysner et al, 1998;Zhang et al, 2002), and further identifying that the mechanism of ACN-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells is through induction of apoptosis involved in the generation of oxidative stress mediated Bax expression.…”

“…This study demonstrates that ACN induces apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells via a mechanism involving generation of oxidative stress mediated Bax expression. It is well established that ACN causes cell death in a variety of cell types (Carrera et al, 2007;Enongene et al, 2000;Esmat et al, 2007;Jacob and Ahmed, 2003;Kamendulis et al, 1999;Mikhutkina et al, 2004;Pu et al, 2006); however ACN-induced apoptotic cell death was only reported in mouse thymocytes and the forestomach of ACNtreated rats. The present study provides evidence that ACN causes apoptosis in SH-SY5Y, a cell line of neuronal origin which is one of the tissues especially vulnerable to ACN acute toxicity (Jiang et al, 1998;Whysner et al, 1998).…”

“…Ghanayem et al (1997) have demonstrated apoptosis in forestomach epithelium of rats exposed to ACN by oral administration. Treatment of ACN in mouse thymocytes has been reported to cause reduction of cell viability with observation of plasma membrane blebbing, which is one of the hallmarks of apoptosis, suggesting its ability to cause apoptotic cell death (Mikhutkina et al, 2004). However, the mechanism underlining ACN-induced apoptosis has not yet been explored.…”

Anti-proliferative activity of silver nanoparticles

“…Hence, it is possible that the mitochondria mediated Ca 2+ ions homeostasis occurred during the later stages of incubation period resulting in a delayed induction of apoptosis. It is known that an early sign of Ca 2+ homeostasis disruption is indicated by blebbing of plasma membrane which is a consequence of cytoskeletal injury [ 34 ]. SEM investigations to study the cytoskeletal injury revealed altered spreading patterns which may be linked to Ca 2+ fluctuations.…”