Blastocystis in domesticated and wild mammals and birds

Hublin, Josephine S.Y.; Maloney, Jenny G.; Santı́n, Mónica

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.09.031

Cited by 104 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 164 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

209

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This very same Blastocystis ST was previously detected in a 10-year-old female in the ARM [22]. ST8 carriage has been documented primarily in captive and wild non-human primates, but also in swine, several avian species, and rodents [38]. Additionally, zoonotic transmission of ST8 has been documented between captive primates and their handlers in a zoological garden in the United Kingdom [39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Molecular Detection and Genotyping of Enteric Protists in Asymptomatic Schoolchildren and Their Legal Guardians in Madrid, Spain

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Asymptomatic carriage of diarrhoea-causing enteric protist parasites in the general population is poorly understood, particularly in medium- to high-income countries. This molecular epidemiological survey investigates the presence, molecular diversity, and household transmission of Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., Blastocystis sp., and Enterocystozoon bieneusi in schoolchildren aged 2–13 years (n = 74) and their legal guardians (n = 6) in Madrid, Spain. Enteroparasite detection and genotyping was conducted in stool samples by molecular (PCR and Sanger sequencing) methods. Potential associations linked to infections were investigated through epidemiological questionnaires. Giardia duodenalis was the most prevalent enteric parasite found (14%, 95% CI: 7.1–23), followed by Blastocystis sp. (10%, 95% CI: 6.2–22) and Cryptosporidium spp. (3.8%, 95% CI: 0.78–11). None of the participants tested positive for E. bieneusi. Sequence analyses revealed the presence of G. duodenalis assemblage B, sub-assemblage BIV in a single child. The three Cryptosporidium isolates obtained were assigned to C. hominis, two of them belonging to the gp60 subtype IbA10G2. Four Blastocystis subtypes were identified including ST2 (38%, 3/8), ST3 (25%, 2/8), ST4 (25%, 2/8), and ST8 (12%, 1/8). All G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium isolates were detected in children only. Blastocystis ST3 and ST4 were circulating in members of the same household. Blastocystis carriage rates increased with the age of the participants. Presence of diarrhoea-causing enteric protists was common in apparently healthy children.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Molecular Detection and Genotyping of Enteric Protists in Asymptomatic Schoolchildren and Their Legal Guardians in Madrid, Spain

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…ST21, which was originally reported in a waterbuck in China, forms a clade with ST26 that was originally named in cattle in the United States [ 20 , 21 ]. Both ST21 and ST26 have been most frequently identified in cattle, so their shared ancestry may support their host specificity in ruminants [ 2 ]. A similar relationship between ST14, ST24, and ST25 is also documented, with ruminants being the most common hosts of these subtypes [ 2 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blastocystis sp. is one of the most common intestinal parasites observed in humans and has a global distribution [ 1 , 2 ]. It is spread via the fecal–oral route, with contaminated food and water being likely means of transmission [ 3 , 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While human infection has been associated with both gastrointestinal and extraintestinal symptoms, asymptomatic carriage is quite common, thus making the relationship between infection and disease unclear [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Blastocystis is also commonly observed in animal hosts, and while studies on symptomatic infection in animals are lacking, there is some evidence to support the zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis between humans and animals [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mind the Gap: New Full-Length Sequences of Blastocystis Subtypes Generated via Oxford Nanopore Minion Sequencing Allow for Comparisons between Full-Length and Partial Sequences of the Small Subunit of the Ribosomal RNA Gene

Maloney

Santı́n

2021

Microorganisms

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Blastocystis is a common food- and water-borne intestinal protist parasite of humans and many other animals. Blastocystis comprises multiple subtypes (STs) based on variability within the small subunit ribosomal (SSU rRNA) RNA gene. Though full-length reference sequences of the SSU rRNA gene are a current requirement to name a novel Blastocystis subtype, full-length reference sequences are not currently available for all subtypes. In the present study, Oxford Nanopore MinION long-read sequencing was employed to generate full-length SSU rRNA sequences for seven new Blastocystis subtypes for which no full-length references currently exist: ST21, ST23, ST24, ST25, ST26, ST27, and ST28. Phylogenetic analyses and pairwise distance matrixes were used to compare full-length and partial sequences of the two regions that are most commonly used for subtyping. Analyses included Blastocystis nucleotide sequences obtained in this study (ST21 and ST23–ST28) and existing subtypes for which full-length reference sequences were available (ST1–ST17 and ST29). The relationships and sequence variance between new and existing subtypes observed in analyses of different portions of the SSU rRNA gene are discussed. The full-length SSU rRNA reference sequences generated in this study provide essential new data to study and understand the relationships between the genetic complexity of Blastocystis and its host specificity, pathogenicity, and epidemiology.

show abstract

“…Blastocystis sp. is a common enteric protist parasite of humans and animals [1,2]. It has a global distribution and is one of the most common human intestinal parasites in both developed and developing countries [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Oxford Nanopore MinION to generate full-length sequences of the Blastocystis small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene

2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Blastocystis sp. is one of the most common enteric parasites of humans and animals worldwide. It is well recognized that this ubiquitous protist displays a remarkable degree of genetic diversity in the SSU rRNA gene, which is currently the main gene used for defining Blastocystis subtypes. Yet, full-length reference sequences of this gene are available for only 16 subtypes of Blastocystis in part because of the technical difficulties associated with obtaining these sequences from complex samples. Methods We have developed a method using Oxford Nanopore MinION long-read sequencing and universal eukaryotic primers to produce full-length (> 1800 bp) SSU rRNA gene sequences for Blastocystis. Seven Blastocystis specimens representing five subtypes (ST1, ST4, ST10, ST11, and ST14) obtained both from cultures and feces were used for validation. Results We demonstrate that this method can be used to produce highly accurate full-length sequences from both cultured and fecal DNA isolates. Full-length sequences were successfully obtained from all five subtypes including ST11 for which no full-length reference sequence currently exists and for an isolate that contained mixed ST10/ST14. Conclusions The suitability of the use of MinION long-read sequencing technology to successfully generate full-length Blastocystis SSU rRNA gene sequences was demonstrated. The ability to produce full-length SSU rRNA gene sequences is key in understanding the role of genetic diversity in important aspects of Blastocystis biology such as transmission, host specificity, and pathogenicity.

show abstract

Blastocystis in domesticated and wild mammals and birds

Cited by 104 publications

References 164 publications

Molecular Detection and Genotyping of Enteric Protists in Asymptomatic Schoolchildren and Their Legal Guardians in Madrid, Spain

Molecular Detection and Genotyping of Enteric Protists in Asymptomatic Schoolchildren and Their Legal Guardians in Madrid, Spain

Mind the Gap: New Full-Length Sequences of Blastocystis Subtypes Generated via Oxford Nanopore Minion Sequencing Allow for Comparisons between Full-Length and Partial Sequences of the Small Subunit of the Ribosomal RNA Gene

Use of Oxford Nanopore MinION to generate full-length sequences of the Blastocystis small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About