Blast Valve Design and Related Studies : A Review

Sharma, Pankaj Kumar; Patel, B.P.; Lal, Harbans

doi:10.14429/dsj.66.9618

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The higher amplifying ratio is observed when the front wave angle of incidence is perpendicular to surface. The value of positive impulse is the area under the pressure time-history curve 5 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Predicted and Experimental Behaviour of RC Slabs Subjected to Blast using SDOF Analysis

et al. 2018

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<p>Explosions emanating from terrorist attacks or military weapons cause damage to civilian and military facilities. Understanding the mechanical behaviour of reinforced concrete structures subjected to blast is of paramount importance for minimizing the possible blast damage. A full-scale experimental program consisting of six reinforced concrete slabs with compressive strengths of 60 MPa, 50 MPa and 40 MPa, measuring 1.0 m × 1.0 m × 0.08 m, and subjected to 2.7 kg of non-confined plastic bonded explosive, was conducted in blast test area of Science and Technology Aerospace Department (Brazilian Air Force). This paper compares experimentally measured peak displacement values with theoretical values. Theoretical analysis was carried out using single degree of freedom (SDOF) models. The comparison showed that SDOF analysis worked very well in predicting the reinforced concrete slab peak displacement against blast effects. Qualitative analysis after the experiments showed that the blast wave shape generated by the cylindrical explosive was not uniformly distributed on the slabs for the standoff distance of 0.927 m∕kg1/3.<br /><br /></p>

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An explosion is a sudden release of energy and can be classified as physical, nuclear or chemical, depending on the source 4,5 . This paper deals with chemical explosions, which are the result of exothermic chemical reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Predicted and Experimental Behaviour of RC Slabs Subjected to Blast using SDOF Analysis

et al. 2018

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“…It is revealed that the radial displacement of such shells is minor compared to flat structures. The same authors conducted a literature review of existing blast safety valves and related studies (Sharma et al, 2016). A classification of existing safety valves is carried out, where it is among others differentiated between remote actuated (active) and blast actuated (passive) valves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of pressure drop and blast pressure leakage of passive air blast safety valves: An experimental and numerical study

Brenner

Jenni

Guyer

et al. 2022

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries

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The purpose of passive air blast safety valves is to protect people and technical installations in buildings or facilities. In case of explosions, e.g. due to technical failures in an oil-and gas refinery, the safety valve should close in milliseconds with the incident shock wave and substantially reduce the blast-pressure leakage into the building. On the other hand, the safety valve should exhibit a low pressure drop in normal operation in order to reduce the power consumption of the ventilators. One main difficulty in the design of such safety valves is to meet the minimum technical requirements, while ensuring the functionality in intrinsically different operating modes. Therefore, the present study proposes a target-oriented evaluation and optimization procedure for such devices, incorporating comprehensive numerical and experimental investigations. CFD, FEM and FSI analyses are regarded as an appropriate approach to predict valve performance parameters and to gain additional insights into the flow or structural behavior of the safety valve, which serves then as a basis for geometrical optimizations. The introduced procedure is exemplified on an existing passive air blast safety valve as a case study. The performance of the new design is significantly increased in ventilation operation, while meeting the performance criteria in the stress case when subjected to blast loads.

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“…An explosion is a sudden release of energy and gases at high pressure and temperature, which causes several effects, most of which are lethal 3,4 . This release compresses the surrounding fluid, generating a mechanical shock wave that moves in all directions with an epicenter at the origin of the detonation 3,5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Analysis of Experimentally Tested Concrete Slabs Subjected to Airblast

Augusto¹,

Mendonça²,

Urgessa

et al. 2021

Def. Sc. J.

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Since the last century, concrete has been used to protect structures against intentional or accidental detonation of explosives. Recently, as concerns about terrorist activities and accidents in plants using explosives increase worldwide, the study of the behaviour of this type of material and any civil or military structure under the influence of explosions has increased. Among the lethal effects of explosive devices, which cause greater loads in structural elements is the airblast effect. For this reason, this paper presents a series of airblast finite element (FEM) simulations developed in Abaqus/Explicit®. To validate the computational method, such simulations are geometrically and structurally kept similar to full-scale tests conducted in a blast test area of the Science and Technology Aerospace Department (Brazilian Air Force). Both simulations and tests consisted of seven reinforced concrete slabs with compressive strengths of about 40 to 60 MPa, variable steel reinforcement areas, slab dimensions measuring 1×1 m, and subjected to 2.7 kg of non-confined plastic bonded explosive. The results demonstrated that FEM simulations can predict the rupture of the tested slabs and how the effect occurs, showing a valid method to investigating the response of RC slabs when compared to expensive field tests. Differences in displacements were observed between the results of FEM simulations and blast field tests, mainly caused by the sensitivity of the case studied, limits of computational capacity, and intrinsic variations in the materials and sensors used in the field tests. However, these differences showed an order of magnitude compatible with the safety coefficients used with RC, demonstrating that the method can be used for the design of RC slabs under the effect of airblast.

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Blast Valve Design and Related Studies : A Review

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

Comparison of Predicted and Experimental Behaviour of RC Slabs Subjected to Blast using SDOF Analysis

Comparison of Predicted and Experimental Behaviour of RC Slabs Subjected to Blast using SDOF Analysis

Analysis of pressure drop and blast pressure leakage of passive air blast safety valves: An experimental and numerical study

Finite Element Analysis of Experimentally Tested Concrete Slabs Subjected to Airblast

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