Blast mitigation by water mist: the effect of the detonation configuration

Schunck, Thérèse; Bastide, Myriam; Eckenfels, D.; Legendre, J. F.

doi:10.1007/s00193-020-00960-1

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…An example of an active blast mitigation system could be a water deluge system used on an offshore oil or gas platform in case of a gas cloud [1]. A water mist system in an infrastructure [2] is another example. These systems are not generally activated by the detonation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blast mitigation by perforated plates using an explosive driven shock tube: study of geometry effects and plate numbers

Schunck

Eckenfels

2021

SN Appl. Sci.

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This work is set in the context of blast mitigation based on geometric means, namely perforated metallic plates or grids. When a shock wave passes through a perforated plate, the flow field is modified, and new shock waves are created, as well as regions of vortices and turbulence in which the energy of the wave can be dissipated. In this study, an explosive driven shock tube (EDST) was used to visualize the interaction of a blast wave with perforated plates or with a piece of cast metallic foam. Additionally, the overpressure and the impulse of the reflected blast wave on a wall located downstream were assessed. The use of an EDST allowed the evaluation of the mitigation capacity under a high dynamic loading. Several combinations of perforated plates were tested, varying the geometry and the number of plates, as well as switching between two different spacings. When the shock wave collided with a plate, we observed that part of the incident shock wave was reflected by the plate, while the remaining wave was transmitted through it. Downstream of the plate, both the overpressure and the impulse were reduced, this effect being more prominent as the porosity of the plates decreased. When two plates were placed as obstacles, this phenomenon of reflection/transmission was repeated twice consecutively, further reducing the downstream reflected overpressure and impulse. An array of three plates or a piece of metallic foam were even more effective in mitigating the blast wave. Varying the distance between two or three plates had no effect on blast mitigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blast mitigation by perforated plates using an explosive driven shock tube: study of geometry effects and plate numbers

Schunck

Eckenfels

2021

SN Appl. Sci.

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“…Li et al (2020) proposed and modelled the composite material, which gives a much smaller lightweight and presents much greater mitigation performance than other traditional materials; however, it was simulated on the small-scale model. Many scientists also explored the protective potential of water, like a mist/mist-curtain (Kong et al., 2019; Schunck et al., 2020; Willauer, 2009), water-filled containers or walls (Chen et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2016; Zhu et al., 2018). Innovative structures to decrease the harmful effects of the bombing are constantly sought.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application verification of blast mitigation through the use of thuja hedges

Gajewski

Peksa

Studziński

et al. 2022

International Journal of Protective Structures

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Nowadays, large gatherings of people, such as open-air concerts, outdoor-sport events, trade fairs, etc., are often attracted by the terrorists. Recently, an interesting passive alternative way of securing such events against terrorist threats appeared in the scientific literature, in which the tree hedges mitigation potential against blast waves were studied. Despite comprehensive studies regarding selected species of hedge trees, the real application outlines were reported to be still missing for those barriers. Our study verified the mitigation potential of thuja in field tests for (i) several distances behind the hedge and for (ii) several positions along the hedge wall. The explosives of 5 kg trinitrotoluene with a rectangular shape were used in four detonations. Six pressure pencil gauges were registering the overpressure histories. A high-speed camera was recording the in-plane deformation of the hedge wall, the motion of selected points on the height of the wall was plotted. For each position, the reduction of overpressure peak and overpressure impulse were obtained in reference to their counterparts for the position without a hedge. The maximal overpressure peak reductions obtained were 14% for case (i) (differing distances from the explosive) and 22% for case (ii) (differing positions along the hedge wall). The experiments' outcomes showed the safest position behind the thuja wall and the actual benefit from using them in the public application if the terrorist acts would happen.

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“…The general principle of blast protection consists in placing an energy absorbing material between the explosive charge and the target. Depending on its position, this material aims to mitigate the detonation of the explosive [ 1 , 2 ], to disturb the blast wave propagation [ 3 ], or to passively protect the target [ 4 ]. Among these solutions, sacrificial claddings are passive architectures which allow to dissipate the blast wave energy and to improve the target’s resistance against such solicitation [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The energy Eabs absorbed by the sample before reaching the densification is calculate using Equation (2).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sacrificial Cladding with Brittle Materials for Blast Protection

2021

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In the following work, sacrificial claddings filled with different brittle materials were investigated, from concrete foam to granular media. They were subjected to blast loading using an explosive driven shock tube, while a sensor measures the load transmission and a high speed camera records the compression of the core. From a macroscopic point of view, concrete foam and granular media can act efficiently as a crushable core but differs greatly in terms of energy dissipation mechanisms. To compare them, granular media was at first treated as a cellular material, and different key parameters (plateau stress, densification strain) were computed using the energy absorption efficiency methodology. The presented tests results, coupled with observation in literature, allow a better understanding on the crushing process of a granular media. In particular, granular media tend to work as a core even for low intensity load, contrary to more classical crushable core.

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Blast mitigation by water mist: the effect of the detonation configuration

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Blast mitigation by perforated plates using an explosive driven shock tube: study of geometry effects and plate numbers

Blast mitigation by perforated plates using an explosive driven shock tube: study of geometry effects and plate numbers

Application verification of blast mitigation through the use of thuja hedges

Sacrificial Cladding with Brittle Materials for Blast Protection

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