Blackfly vectors of zoonotic onchocerciasis in Japan

Takaoka, Hiroyuki; Fukuda, Masako; Otsuka, Yasushi; Aoki, Chiye; Uni, Shigehiko; Bain, O.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01023.x

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…[4][5][6][7] This is the ninth reported case in Japan. The species of Onchocerca was confirmed by both morphometric and PCR analysis.…”

Section: O Gutturosa and O Lienalis (Cattle); O Eberbardi (Sika Dementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 In Japan, infestation of O. volvulus or O. lupi is not seen, but zoonotic onchocerciasis due to O. dewittei japonica, a parasite of wild boar, has infrequently been experienced. [3][4][5][6][7] We report herein the ninth case of zoonotic onchocerciasis in Japan. The causative agent of our case was identified as O. dewittei japonica by morphometric characteristics and DNA analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Japan, there are six other Onchocerca species known to be potentially infective to human. 5,6 Onchocerca cervicalis (infecting horses),…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zoonotic onchocerciasis

Ishizawa

Kato

Nishimura

et al. 2015

Pathology International

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“…[4][5][6][7] This is the ninth reported case in Japan. The species of Onchocerca was confirmed by both morphometric and PCR analysis.…”

Section: O Gutturosa and O Lienalis (Cattle); O Eberbardi (Sika Dementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zoonotic onchocerciasis

Ishizawa

Kato

Nishimura

et al. 2015

Pathology International

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“…O. volvulus is a strict human parasite and it has been suggested that the limited availability of material from the parasite has contributed to limited availability of direct knowledge of O. volvulus biology for drug development [4]. A number of researchers obtain biological information on O. volvulus from other species of the parasite that can affect animals [14,15]. However, parasites belong to different phyla and the effect of one drug against a particular parasite does not necessarily imply that other parasites will respond similarly to the drug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate Catabolism in Adult <i>Onchocerca volvulus:</i> An Immunohistochemical Study

Abdulai¹,

Rashid²,

Richard³

et al. 2016

AJBLS

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Abstract:Onchocerca volvulus is a parasite responsible for Onchocerciasis whose main pathology is blindness. Existing treatment and control approaches are not entirely successful, with some, fraught with safety challenges. Due to these problems, the need for developing safer and effective drugs to combat the disease has become imperative. However O. volvulus materials are restricted by ethical concerns due to its strict human preference. To overcome these concerns some researchers use animal models of closely related species to obtain biological information on O. volvulus and drugs developed from these sources of information have so far failed to kill the adult O. volvulus. Realistic targets for drug development against O. volvulus could be detected directly in O. volvulus rather than its closely related species. We performed immunohistochemical detection of three major enzymes (G6PD, LDH and PDHK2) involved in carbohydrate metabolism on paraffin processed archival O. volvulus nodules. We observed that up to 64.5% of worms in the paraffin processed nodules had detectable LDH, 61.1% had G6PD and 56.7% had PDHK2 and that most of the enzymes were stored in the muscles of the adult worm. These observations suggest that the adult O. volvulus can operate the glycolytic, Pentose and Entner-Douhoroff pathways either independently or concurrently suggesting that any drug aimed at preventing the adult worm from utilising carbohydrates must target all three enzymes.

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“…Previous reports suggest that Simulium spp. (blackflies) are often implicated as vectors in zoonotic onchocerciasis (4,5).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Manifestations of a Zoonotic Onchocerca Species in an Adult Male, Acquired in Nova Scotia, Canada

et al. 2014

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A 65-year-old male with known hypertension and hypercholesterolemia sought medical attention because of a 3-month history of skin swelling on his upper back. Histopathology and molecular techniques were employed and identified an organism in the Onchocerca genus. This represents a very uncommon example of cutaneous infection by a zoonotic Onchocerca species. CASE REPORTA 65-year-old Caucasian man from rural Nova Scotia sought medical attention because of a sudden onset of localized swelling of the skin in the inferior left scapular area. He had noted a small, mildly tender pruritic papule one morning, measuring less than 1 cm, which he regarded as a possible insect bite. Over the course of 1 day, the lesion enlarged to form a nodule measuring approximately 4 cm in diameter. Medical attention was sought. The patient was given a 10-day course of antibiotics which caused the swelling to decrease in size, but the nodule did not resolve completely. Elective surgical excision was undertaken.Within the previous 5 years, the patient had traveled to Florida in April 2009 and had been working in Ontario until 31 May 2010. While in Ontario, he had been in charge of maintaining a high-rise apartment block in Windsor for 12 years. Prior to this, he had worked in the automotive industry. There was no history of foreign travel. During the previous 3 years, the patient had resided in rural Nova Scotia, where he had a pet dog with a free range in an open hayfield where contact with wild animals was minimal. The dog showed no symptoms of infection during this period and remains healthy to the present day. The patient's medications included 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide once daily for hypertension and 20 mg simvastatin once daily for hypercholesterolemia. He was otherwise healthy. There was no history of immunosuppression.On examination, an erythematous nodule was evident on the left upper back just inferior to the scapula. This area had been covered by clothing, and the patient could not recall any history of an arthropod bite. No other skin lesions were detected. Preliminary blood work was not performed. Following excision, the specimen was submitted to the laboratory for processing. Clinically interpreted as a cyst, the submitted sample consisted of an ellipse of skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue measuring 1.4 by 0.3 by 1.3 cm. It was serially sectioned and submitted in total. Histopathologic examination revealed a dense, nodular, superficial and deep, perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate with abundant eosinophils in the dermis and superficial panniculus. Small foci of interstitial granulomatous inflammation were noted ( Fig. 1A and B). Close to the edge of the biopsy specimen, in association with the inflammatory infiltrate, cross sections of a nematode were noted (Fig. 1C).A microbiological consultation confirmed the presence of a nematode measuring 60 by 68 m. There were no lateral alae, and the cuticle was smooth, with a 3-m thickness. The lateral cords had 2 cells with prominent nuclei, but the dorsal and ventral lines wer...

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Blackfly vectors of zoonotic onchocerciasis in Japan

Abstract: Abstract. Studies of blackfly vectors of Onchocerca dewittei japonica

Cited by 38 publications

References 40 publications

Zoonotic onchocerciasis

Zoonotic onchocerciasis

Carbohydrate Catabolism in Adult <i>Onchocerca volvulus:</i> An Immunohistochemical Study

Cutaneous Manifestations of a Zoonotic Onchocerca Species in an Adult Male, Acquired in Nova Scotia, Canada

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Blackfly vectors of zoonotic onchocerciasis in Japan

Abstract: Abstract. Studies of blackfly vectors of Onchocerca dewittei japonica

Cited by 38 publications

References 40 publications

Zoonotic onchocerciasis

Zoonotic onchocerciasis

Carbohydrate Catabolism in Adult &lt;i&gt;Onchocerca volvulus:&lt;/i&gt; An Immunohistochemical Study

Cutaneous Manifestations of a Zoonotic Onchocerca Species in an Adult Male, Acquired in Nova Scotia, Canada

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Carbohydrate Catabolism in Adult <i>Onchocerca volvulus:</i> An Immunohistochemical Study