Black-White Differences in Sex and Contraceptive Use Among Young Women

Kusunoki, Yasamin; Barber, Jennifer S.; Ela, Elizabeth; Bucek, Amelia

doi:10.1007/s13524-016-0507-5

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Our primary covariate was race-ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, or Hispanic). Covariates were similar to those used in prior literature on patterns in use of LARC and other contraceptives, including work focused on racial and ethnic differences [11,15–18]. These covariates included demographic characteristics (age, religion, and marital status), socioeconomic characteristics (poverty level, education, and current health insurance) and reproductive health characteristics (parity, intent for [future] children, number of partners in the past year, and experience of unintended pregnancy (mistimed or unwanted).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While women of color may be statistically as likely to use LARC as White women [6], advocates of reproductive justice remain deservedly vigilant about preventing LARC-related coercion among poor women of color [7,8], given the complex and often coercive U.S. history of contraception and sterilization for these women [9,10]. Indeed, a recent analysis of young women ages 18–19 showed that although White contraceptive users spent more time than Black women using some of the more effective methods (oral contraceptive pill, transdermal patch, and vaginal ring), Black women spent more time than White women using LARC [11]. This pattern may indicate a unique racial profile for LARC use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Racial and ethnic differences in patterns of long-acting reversible contraceptive use in the United States, 2011–2015

et al. 2018

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Objective To investigate whether demographic, socioeconomic, and reproductive health characteristics affect long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) use differently by race-ethnicity. Results may inform the dialogue on racial pressure and bias in LARC promotion. Study design Data derived from the 2011–2013 and 2013–2015 National Surveys of Family Growth (NSFG). Our study sample included 9321 women aged 15–44. Logistic regression analyses predicted current LARC use (yes vs. no). We tested interaction terms between race-ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic) and covariates (for example, education, parity, poverty level) to explore whether their effects on LARC use vary by race-ethnicity. Results In the race-interactions model, data did not show that low income and education predict LARC use more strongly among Black and Hispanic women than among White women. There was just one statistically significant race-interaction: experience of unintended pregnancy (p=.014). Among Whites and Hispanics, women who reported ever experiencing an unintended pregnancy had a higher predicted probability of LARC use than those who did not. On the other hand, among Black women, the experience of unintended pregnancy was not associated with a higher predicted probability of LARC use. Conclusions With the exception of the experience of unintended pregnancy, findings from this large, nationally representative sample of women suggest similar patterns in LARC use by race-ethnicity. Implications Results from this analysis of NSFG data do not provide evidence that observed differences in LARC use by race-ethnicity represent socioeconomic disparities, and may assuage some concerns about reproductive coercion among women of color. Nevertheless, it is absolutely critical that providers use patient-centered approaches for contraceptive counseling that promote women’s autonomy in their reproductive health care decision-making.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial and ethnic differences in patterns of long-acting reversible contraceptive use in the United States, 2011–2015

et al. 2018

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“…These are measured in the baseline interview (at age 18/19) and include race, religiosity, several indicators of economic disadvantage, and education. Nonwhite racial identity, high religiosity, and economic disadvantage are negatively associated with both LGBTQ identification 8 (Chandra et al 2011; Chandra et al 2013; Copen et al 2016) and contraceptive use (Jones et al 2012; Kusunoki et al 2016). In the NSFG, low educational attainment is associated with a higher lifetime prevalence of same-sex sexual behavior (Chandra et al 2011; Chandra et al 2013); low educational attainment is also associated with a lower likelihood of using contraception, a lower age at first birth, and a higher likelihood that a pregnancy is unintended (Kravdal and Rindfuss 2008; Musick et al 2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Heterosexuality, Relationships, and Young Women’s Contraceptive Behavior

Ela

Budnick

2017

Demography

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Non-heterosexual young women have a higher rate of unintended pregnancy than their heterosexual peers, but their fertility behaviors are understudied. We use longitudinal data from the Relationship Dynamics and Social Life study to investigate mechanisms contributing to non-heterosexual women’s higher pregnancy risk. These data include weekly reports of relationships, sex, and contraceptive use over 30 months. We compare the relationships and fertility behaviors of three groups: exclusively heterosexual (consistent heterosexual behavior, identity, and attraction); mostly heterosexual (heterosexual identity with same-sex behavior and/or same-sex attraction); and LGBTQ (any non-heterosexual identity). We find that mostly heterosexual and LGBTQ women behave differently from exclusively heterosexual women in ways likely to elevate their risk of unintended pregnancy: more distinct partners during the study period, more sexual intercourse with men, less frequent contraceptive use, less use of a dual method (condom plus hormonal method), and more gaps in contraceptive coverage. Mostly heterosexual women resemble LGBTQ women in their contraceptive behavior but have significantly more intercourse with men, which may increase their pregnancy risk relative to both LGBTQ and exclusively heterosexual women. We conclude by considering implications for LGBTQ health and the measurement of sexual minority populations.

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“…Because the vast majority of women in the United States want two children, children from a prior relationship likely dampen women's pregnancy desire. Blacks and economically disadvantaged young women may have greater pregnancy desire than nonblacks and less disadvantaged women at these ages, given their earlier intimate relationship and childbearing experiences . Highly religious young women postpone sexual debut, and likely want to postpone births at these young ages .…”

Section: Intimate Relationships and Pregnancy Desirementioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate Relationship Dynamics and Changing Desire for Pregnancy Among Young Women

Barber

Miller²,

Kusunoki

et al. 2019

Perspect Sexual Reproductive

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Although substantial research has focused on unintended pregnancy among young women, less is known about the circumstances under which pregnancy is desired. Whether a young woman ' s pregnancy desire changes across her diff erent relationships, or over time within a relationship, has not been directly assessed. METHODS : Data on intimate relationships and pregnancy desire were assessed weekly for 895 women aged 18-22 who participated in the Relationship Dynamics and Social Life study in a county in Michigan (2008Michigan ( -2012. Withinbetween logistic regression models were used to examine within-cluster and between-cluster diff erences-comparisons of a woman ' s pregnancy desire within a relationship over time as well as across a woman ' s diff erent relationships. RESULTS :Young women were more likely to desire pregnancy if they were in any relationship more intimate and committed than a casual relationship (odds ratios, 1.6-9.2); the odds of desiring pregnancy were also higher in long-term relationships rather than in short-term ones (2.1). In general, pregnancy desire increased over time as a relationship endured and became more serious. The odds of desiring pregnancy were lower among women with less educated, rather than equally educated, partners (0.7), while the odds were higher in nonmonogamous or violent relationships than in monogamous or nonviolent relationships (1.6 and 1.9, respectively).CONCLUSIONS : Young women ' s pregnancy desire changes depending on their intimate relationship context, across the range of relationships they experience during the transition to adulthood. INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS AND PREGNANCY DESIRESome research has directly investigated whether intimate relationships aff ect the desire for pregnancy. For example, Edin and Kefalas ' s groundbreaking study of disadvantaged

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Black-White Differences in Sex and Contraceptive Use Among Young Women

Cited by 42 publications

References 75 publications

Racial and ethnic differences in patterns of long-acting reversible contraceptive use in the United States, 2011–2015

Racial and ethnic differences in patterns of long-acting reversible contraceptive use in the United States, 2011–2015

Non-Heterosexuality, Relationships, and Young Women’s Contraceptive Behavior

Intimate Relationship Dynamics and Changing Desire for Pregnancy Among Young Women

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