Black-white differences in cancer prevention knowledge and behavior.

Jepson, Christopher; Kessler, Larry G.; Portnoy, Barry; Gibbs, Tyson

doi:10.2105/ajph.81.4.501

Cited by 120 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several researchers have reported on the relationship between knowledge and risk-reduction behavior. Moro et al 41 reported a positive association between knowledge of Chikungunya disease and future intentions to use mosquito repellent in Italy following the first reported outbreak of the disease in the northern hemisphere. Jepson et al 42 reported that knowledge of cancer risk factors was a significant explanatory variable in the observed differences in cancer-preventive behavior between black and white racial groups in the United States.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Insect-Repellent Use for Chikungunya Disease Prevention Among US-Caribbean Travelers

Omodior

Pennington‐Gray

Thapa

2017

Int J Travel Med Glob Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Insect-Repellent Use for Chikungunya Disease Prevention Among US-Caribbean Travelers

Omodior

Pennington‐Gray

Thapa

2017

Int J Travel Med Glob Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…15 Another explanation is that minorities may not perceive the value of obtaining early and preventive health care, thus diminishing their use of outpatient services. [42][43][44] However, as above, minorities with equal access to primary care receive equal or greater preventive services, and multiple programs directed at increasing specific preventive care interventions have succeeded in diminishing or eliminating the gap between minorities and nonminorities, particularly in the areas of breast and cervical cancer screening. 45,46 Despite lower receipt of care in the outpatient setting, it does not appear that minorities turn to emergency rooms for care disproportionately.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in participation in health care settings associated with race and ethnicity

Bliss¹,

Meyers

Phillips

et al. 2004

J GEN INTERN MED

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE:To use the ecology model of health care to contrast participation of black, non-Hispanics (blacks); white, non-Hispanics (whites); and Hispanics of any race (Hispanics) in 5 health care settings and determine whether disparities between those individuals exist among places where they receive care. DESIGN:1996 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data were used to estimate the number of black, white, and Hispanic people per 1,000 receiving health care in each setting. SETTING:Physicians' offices, outpatient clinics, hospital emergency departments, hospitals, and people's homes. MAIN MEASUREMENT:Number of people per 1,000 per month who had at least one contact in a health care setting. RESULTS: According to a recent report by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), racial and ethnic minorities fare worse than nonminorities in several major health status categories, with little progress in reduction of disparities in most areas since 1990.1 For blacks and Hispanics, the incidence of infant and maternal mortality is higher, life expectancy is lower, and rates of some chronic diseases are greater than for whites. The overwhelming evidence of disparities in health and health care has sparked research comparing populations in terms of their characteristics or receipt of specific services. However, this perspective does not address the broader interactions of populations with the various settings of health care. Looking at populations and where they go when they decide to seek health care provides an "outside-in" view that helps explain where there is the greatest contribution to disparities.The Ecology of Medical Care by White et al. in 1961 19 and reprised by Green et al. in 2001 20 is an example of such a perspective. The ecology model depicts the number of people per 1,000 who access the health care system in an average month. The model does not report the quantity of services provided, focusing instead on individuals and whether they received any care in a health care setting. The methods of the ecology model do not permit conclusions about cause and effect, but they do elucidate who is getting care in those settings.

show abstract

“…Cognitive factors such as knowledge and beliefs about the outcomes associated with CRC screening and the desirability or undesirability of those outcomes (i.e., attitudes toward screening), and perceptions about one's ability (or self efficacy) to engage in screening, will influence CRC screening adherence by shaping motivation to be screened. These cognitive factors have been shown to vary by race [35][36][37][38][39][40][41] and hence, may contribute to racial differences in CRCS. The framework assumes that medical and social environmental factors can affect adherence by determining whether an individual has access to screening (i.e., is offered a screening procedure and resources for conducting the procedure are locally available) or by influencing the accessibility of screening (by determining the availability of things such as transportation to and from a colonoscopy appointment).…”

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence and Correlates of Racial Disparities in Adherence to Colorectal Cancer Screening Guidelines

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVES:We examined the presence and correlates of Black/White racial disparities in adherence to guidelines for colorectal cancer screening (CRCS). METHODS:The sample included 328 Black and 1827 White patients age 50-75 from 24 VA medical facilities who responded to a mailed survey with phone follow-up (response rate: 73% for Blacks and 89% for Whites). CRCS adherence and race were obtained through surveys and supplemented with administrative data. Logistic regressions estimated the contribution of demographic, health, cognitive, and environmental factors to racial disparities in adherence to CRCS guidelines. RESULTS: In unadjusted analyses, Blacks had slightly lower rates of adherence to CRCS guidelines than Whites (72% versus 77%, p<0.05). This racial disparity in CRCS adherence was explained by race differences in demographic, health, and environmental factors but not by cognitive factors. Tests for interactions revealed that the association of race with adherence varied significantly across levels of income, education, and marital status. In particular, among those who were married with higher levels of education, CRCS adherence was significantly higher for Whites; whereas among those who were unmarried, with low levels of education, adherence was significantly higher for Blacks. CONCLUSION: We found that disparities in CRCS are greatly attenuated in the VA system and both Whites and Blacks have substantially higher rates of CRCS than the national average. These results point to the success of the VA at implementing CRCS system-wide. Our findings also suggest additional initiatives may be needed for unmarried low income white men and higher income black men. These disparities are partially attributable to lower rates of CRC screening (CRCS) by Blacks, 3-5 which has been shown to significantly reduce CRC mortality. [6][7][8][9] To understand what factors contribute to CRCS adherence, researchers have drawn on health behavior theories and have examined such factors as cognitions about screening, social and medical environmental factors, and demographic and health-related factors. [10][11][12] Few studies, however, have explored the extent to which racial disparities in adherence to CRCS are a function of these underlying factors, leaving unanswered questions about the best approaches to promote screening among populations with greater disease burden. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] This study contributes to the broader literature on race differences in CRCS by examining the relative contribution of demographic and health factors, cognitive factors, and environmental factors to racial disparities in CRCS in a nationally representative survey of Veterans Health Affairs (VHA) patients aged 50-75.The VHA is a particularly interesting system within which to examine racial disparities in CRCS because it provides equal access to care to all qualifying veterans, and mandates that all patients be assigned to a primary care provider, both of which diminish barriers to screening that might disproportionally affect r...

show abstract

Black-white differences in cancer prevention knowledge and behavior.

Cited by 120 publications

References 6 publications

Modeling Insect-Repellent Use for Chikungunya Disease Prevention Among US-Caribbean Travelers

Modeling Insect-Repellent Use for Chikungunya Disease Prevention Among US-Caribbean Travelers

Variation in participation in health care settings associated with race and ethnicity

Presence and Correlates of Racial Disparities in Adherence to Colorectal Cancer Screening Guidelines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About