Black stem by Phoma macdonaldii affected ecophysiological components that determine grain yield in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Quiróz, Facundo; Molina, Juan Pablo Edwards; Dosio, Guillermo A. A.

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2014.02.011

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…These results conform with recent findings from field experiments where phoma black stem was associated with premature leaf senescence (Quiroz et al 2014). Our experimental approach did not allow identifying whether leaves senescing on plants were the cause, or the consequence, of phoma black stem infections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The difference in disease intensity between years may be related to the difference in rainfall patterns: L. lindquistii ascospores release is favoured by rainfall (D elos et al 1997). Under the assumption that phoma disease is associated with defoliation (this article, Table 3; Quiroz et al 2014), the patterns detected in the spatiotemporal experiments between years (lower disease and higher defoliation in 2013 than in 2014) may seem contradictory. This difference may, however, be explained by a more important effect of water stress (higher in 2013) on defoliation, than of the association between phoma black stem (higher in 2014) and defoliation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Phoma black stem epidemic onset typically occurs at flowering, with lesions on the stem progressing from bottom to upper stem nodes (Schwanck et al 2016). Lesions on the petiole or on the stem are associated with leaf senescence (Quiroz et al 2014). In France, the main source of primary inoculum appears to consist in ascospores released from infected sunflower residues (D elos et al 1997;Seassau et al 2010;Bordat et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Spatiotemporal Patterns of Phoma Black Stem in Sunflower

Schwanck

Savary

Willocquet

2016

Journal of Phytopathology

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Field experiments were conducted over two growing seasons with three sunflower cultivars to explore the spatiotemporal dynamics of phoma black stem epidemics and to test hypotheses pertaining to (i) disease spread from a known inoculum source; (ii) spatial patterns of the disease; (iii) disease spatiotemporal association; and (iv) association between disease intensity and sunflower defoliation. The spatial patterns of disease were random in most of epidemics, and disease gradients were not detected. Our results suggest absence of secondary infections, that is, that the studied phoma black stem epidemics were monocyclic under the experimental conditions reported here. Significant associations between the number of dead leaves per plant and the number of phoma black stem lesions per plant were detected towards the end of epidemics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Spatiotemporal Patterns of Phoma Black Stem in Sunflower

Schwanck

Savary

Willocquet

2016

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Epidemic onset generally occurs after flowering, with lesions on the stem progressing from the bottom to upper leaf nodes. Lesions on the petiole or on the stem accelerate leaf senescence (Quiroz et al, 2014). Lesions on the leaf veins can be observed at the end of the crop cycle when epidemics are severe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting quantitative host plant resistance against phoma black stem in sunflower

et al. 2016

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Phoma black stem is an important disease in sunflower, against which no specific management method is currently deployed in France. Relevant phenotyping methods for quantitative resistance are critical for integration of this trait into breeding programmes. Components of resistance associated with physiological resistance, and morphological traits associated with disease escape were measured on 21 sunflower genotypes under growth chamber (on seedlings), greenhouse (on adult plants), and field conditions, together with disease intensity in the field. Potential predictors were first selected for sensitivity and robustness from mixed model ANOVAs. Analyses involving ranking tests and logistic regressions were then performed to identify predictors for field resistance. The identification of predictors for resistance involved analyses conducted in two broad steps: process-oriented experiments, and epidemic-oriented experiments. This stepwise approach departs from many studies aimed at identifying predictors for field resistance, which rely mainly on the computation of correlation coefficients between predictors and measured field disease variables. Predictors for quantitative resistance were identified: (i) lesion length and lesion expansion on stems of plants before flowering stage, and (ii) lesion length on first leaf petioles of seedlings. A high number of leaves and tall plants were associated with disease escape. Control genotypes for susceptibility and quantitative resistance were identified, and implications for breeding and improvements were derived from this work.

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“…Previous studies have shown the relevance of observing natural attacks for experiments related to the study of BS resistance variability of commercial hybrids [ 5 ] or to the evaluation of yied losses [ 26 ], with very consistent results between 2 years of experiments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Different genetic architectures underlie crop responses to the same pathogen: the {Helianthus annuus * Phoma macdonaldii} interaction case for black stem disease and premature ripening

et al. 2017

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Background Phoma macdonaldii has been reported as the causal agent of black stem disease (BS) and premature ripening (PR) on sunflower. PR is considered as the most widespread and detrimental disease on sunflower in France. While genetic variability and QTL mapping for partial resistance of sunflower to stem, collar and roots attacks have been reported on plantlets in controlled conditions, this work aims to describe the genetic variability in a subset of a sunflower lines, and for the first time to map QTL involved in PR resistance evaluated in field conditions using controlled inoculation.ResultsAn efficient and reliable method for inoculation used in field experiments induced stem base necrosis on up to 98% of all plants. A significant genetic variability for PR resistance in the field was detected among the 20 inbred lines of the core collection tested across the two years. For QTL mapping, the PR resistance evaluation was performed on two recombinant inbred lines (RIL) populations derived from the crosses XRQxPSC8 and FUxPAZ2 in two different years. QTL analyses were based on a newly developed consensus genetic map comprising 1007 non-redundant molecular markers. In each of the two RIL populations, different QTL involved in PR partial sunflower resistance were detected. The most significant QTL were detected 49 days post infection (DPI) on LG10 (LOD 7.7) and on LG7 (LOD 12.1) in the XRQxPSC8 and FUxPAZ2 RIL population, respectively. In addition, different QTL were detected on both populations for PR resistance measured between 14 and 35 DPI. In parallel, the incidence of natural attack of P. macdonaldii resulting in BS disease was recorded, showing that in these populations, the genetic of resistance to both diseases is not governed by the same factors.ConclusionThis work provides the first insights on the genetic architecture of sunflower PR resistance in the field. Moreover, the separate studies of symptoms on different organs and in time series allowed the identification of a succession of genetic components involved in the sunflower resistance to PR and BS diseases caused by Phoma macdonaldii along the development of the {plant * pathogen} interaction.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-017-1116-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Black stem by Phoma macdonaldii affected ecophysiological components that determine grain yield in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Exploring Spatiotemporal Patterns of Phoma Black Stem in Sunflower

Exploring Spatiotemporal Patterns of Phoma Black Stem in Sunflower

Predicting quantitative host plant resistance against phoma black stem in sunflower

Different genetic architectures underlie crop responses to the same pathogen: the {Helianthus annuus * Phoma macdonaldii} interaction case for black stem disease and premature ripening

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